The political regime of North Korea: signs of totalitarianism. The political system of North Korea

Many experts designate the political regime of North Korea as the most totalitarian in the world. Today it is the most closed and the most mysterious government in the world. Form of government in the DPRK is unique in the world. Let's find out what kind of political regime in North Korea, and what are the signs of totalitarianism are present.

Korea in world war II

During the Second world war, the entire country was occupied by the ally of Hitler – Japan. But the Korean people waged a continuous battle with their oppressors, using a variety of methods-from policy instruments to guerrilla warfare and terror.

But, unfortunately, the forces of resistance in Korea was highly fragmented. Too differently they viewed the future of their homeland after the liberation from the hated occupation. Some of the resistance leaders focused on the USA and Western Europe, others – the Soviet Union and the Chinese Communist underground.

In the end, thanks to the victories of the allies and pressure the Korean people managed to shed Japanese rule. But then, as expected, floated to the surface all the contradictions between the leaders of Korea. The division for political reasons contributed to the fact that after the victory over Japan, the North of the Peninsula to the 38th parallel was controlled by the Soviet Union, and the South – United States of America.

Education of the DPRK

Representatives of the Korean elite, in accordance with their political views moved to the part of the country controlled by the government, a position which they shared.

Of Course, an ardent Communist and supporter of the Soviet Union, Kim Il sung settled in the North of the Peninsula. There under his leadership in 1948 was formed the new state-the Democratic people's Republic of Korea or North Korea. The political regime of the DPRK was based on the doctrines of Marxism-Leninism and orientation on the Soviet Union. In addition, Kim Il sung has brought its own ideology, which was to reflect the characteristics of the Korean mentality of building a Communist society. It was called Juche. More details about its features will be discussed shortly.

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War with South Korea and USA

All anything, but a little earlier in the same year 1948, on the territory of South Korea have formed another state, which was supported by the United States. It was focused on the democratic values of the Western world. The official name of this state – the Republic of Korea.

Each of the newly created state entities claimed the exclusive right to Express the will of the Korean people and sought to extend its sovereignty into the territory of the entire Korean Peninsula. The war was inevitable.

And she broke out in 1950, when troops of the DPRK invaded the territory controlled by the Republic of Korea. First covertly, then more and more clearly supported by the Soviet Union and maoistky China, and on the side of the second openly USA. Support was expressed both in financial and military assistance.

But three years of one of the bloodiest wars of the twentieth century no one of the parties a substantial advantage was not given. In 1953 an agreement was signed that preserved the status quo, that is, confirmed the boundary line between the States along the 38th parallel. Since then, the DPRK and the Republic of Korea live in a fragile truce.

Post-war development of the DPRK

After 1953 began a period of peace in the history of the DPRK. But despite this, the population was in constant danger of a resumption of hostilities. Could not impose and imprint on the development of a state like North Korea. The political regime of the DPRK, even in comparison with the Communist governments of other countries, particularly authoritarianism, totalitarianism and isolation. Visits Kim Il sung in the countries of the socialist camp was very rare.

While the world remained bipolar system, life in the DPRK were comparatively stable and peaceful, although the economic troubles due to the high expenditure on the army constantly harassed the country, but when the Soviet Union collapsed and crumbled the entire system of the socialist bloc, North Korea found itself in almost complete isolation.

Another blow, which has undergone political regime of North Korea, was the death of longtime leader Kim Il sung, died in 1994.

After Kim Il-sung

It would Seem that after such shocks, significant changes in the control system of the DPRK is inevitable. But there it was. The political regime of North Korea has not only survived, but even hardened and became more rigorous. For a change Kim Il sung came to his son-Kim Jong-Il.

Since then, every year, the DPRK became more closed, and its relations with the United States And South Korea are constantly tense. In fact, the United States in the eyes of the North Korean leadership appeared in the form of the evil of the world.

Despite this, when from 1996 to 1999, the country was hit by an unprecedented famine, which according to various sources killed from ten thousand to three millions of people, United Statesprovided North Korea with humanitarian aid. But in 2005 the DPRK declared that he created his own nuclear bomb.

In 2011, Kim Jong-Il died, and on change to it came the young son-Kim Jong-UN, who at that time was not yet thirty years. Perhaps due to the perfectionism that is inherent in youth, when it relations with the United States and South Korea further escalated.

Doctrine of Juche

Now examine in more detail the political regime of North Korea. The signs of totalitarianism are present even in his national doctrine – Juche.

The Word "Juche" in the translation from one of the Korean dialects means the concept is close in meaning to the expression “master of all things”. So it should ideally be a citizen of the DPRK. But to become a master, he must obey the precepts of Juche, created by Kim Il Sung.

This doctrine is supposed to combine the teachings of Marxism-Leninism with the mentality of the inhabitants of East Asia. She preached an isolationist policy, fed them the ideas of militarism, autocracy and authoritarianism. As the precepts of Stalin, the ideology of Juche has been focused on the building of communism in one country, and that state was North Korea. The political environment shaped by these ideologies could not contribute to the development of a totalitarian model of governance.

“Communist monarchy”

In such an ideological atmosphere developed North Korea. Political system which was formed in the DPRK, due to the change of rulers in the circle of the same family, some experts call “Communist monarchy”. Of course, not everyone agrees with this opinion, as did the leader elected by the party, and it can theoretically refer to a different family. Other experts, because of the strong orientation of the Korean version of Marxism on the national specifics, call the political regime of North Korea Communist nationalism or national communism.

Cult of personality

During the life of Kim Il sung in the DPRK, has been widely developed cult of his personality, comparable in scale with Stalinism. This is evidenced by the fact that in the country, he delivered over five hundred monuments. In addition, a number of facilities and organizations named after Kim Il sung. His biography begin to study in kindergarten. After his death, in 1998, Kim Il-sung was given the title Eternal President of the DPRK. Thus was the actual his deification.

Although on a smaller scale, was also developed cult of personality of Kim Jong Il. His biography taught in schools, and birthday is a national holiday. After the death of Kim Jong Il was awarded the rank of Generalissimo and hero of the DPRK.

Now begins the formation of the cult of Kim Jong-UN. For example, an order was given to all men of the DPRK to wearing this hairstyle, what is their leader.

The Political the North Korean regime is clearly authoritarian and autocratic in nature.

Reign of terror

Another distinctive feature of the North Korean political system is the state terror against all dissidents, or simply unwanted. The extent it is not completely open, because the DPRK is almost completely closed country. But, despite this, the world has learned about the hundreds of thousands of the repressed.

According to unconfirmed reports, Kim Jong-UN ordered the execution of the Minister of defence just because he fell asleep at the meeting. Moreover, the method of execution chosen was very sophisticated: the Minister was shot from anti-aircraft complex. Another Minister, Kim Jong-UN personally burnt from a flamethrower. In addition, by order Korean young leader had executed his uncle along with his entire family, including children.

But this is only a small part of the horrors of repression, which keeps in secret in North Korea. The political structure of the country, of course, is supported by the application of state terror, especially brutal under Kim Jong Yne.

Main features of totalitarianism

So now we can in General terms describe the main signs of totalitarianism inherent in the North Korean regime:

• Mandatory for all ideology;
• The cult of personality;
• Censorship;
• One-party system;
• Planned economy;
• Well-developed propaganda;
• Exceptional the role of the state in all public Affairs;
• Powerful repressive apparatus of coercion.

Here's a before us is modern North Korea. Political regime-totalitarian communism mixed with nationalism. This characterization of the existing system will be the most accurate. In addition, for the North Korean regime is characteristic of hereditary change of power and the extreme closeness in relations with other countries of the world. Escalate the level of confrontation with the United States of America.

Unfortunately, in the near future, significant changes in the political system of the DPRK is not expected.