Social and biological in man. Philosophy: the problem of correlation of biological and social in man

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2019-04-10 22:20:36

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Development of man and society due to the social orientation in shaping relationships between individuals. Human nature is based on social principles, which is reflected in the psychological, cultural and social activities. However, we should not underestimate the aspect of the people belonging to a biological species that initially gave us the genetic instincts. Among them are the desire to survive, to procreate and keep the offspring.

Even if we consider the biological and social in man, in short, we have to mention the background to the conflicts dual nature. At the same time, there is a place and dialectical unity, which allows to coexist in a man of diverse ambitions. On the one hand, this desire to assert individual rights and universal peace, but on the other – wage war and to commit crimes.

Social and biological factors

social and biological in man

To understand the problem of the relationship of biological and social need to learn more about the underlying factors on both sides of the person. In this case we are talking about factors of anthropogenesis. Relative to the biological entity, in particular, stands out for the development of hands and brain, bipedalism and speech ability. Among the key social factors allocate work, communication, ethics and teamwork.

The example of the abovementioned factors it can be concluded that the unity of biological and social in man is not just permissible but organically there. Another thing is that this does not negate the contradictions, which have to cope on different levels of life.

It is Important to note the value of labor, which was one of the key factors in the process of formation of modern man. This example clearly expresses the relationship of two seemingly opposite entities. On the one hand, bipedalism freed the hand and did effective work, and on the other – collective efforts have helped to expand the possibilities of the accumulation of knowledge and experience.

In the future, the social and the biological in man have evolved in close conjunction, which, of course, did not rule out contradictions. For a clearer understanding of conflicts of this kind is more familiar with the two concepts in the understanding of human nature.

Biologicheskaya concept

According to this view, the essence of man, even in the social forms, was influenced by genetic and biological bases for the development. Especially among the adherents of the popular sociobiology, which explains human activity evolutionary-biological parameters. In accordance with this position, biological and social in human life to the same extent due to the influence of natural evolution. The factors of influence are consistent and the animal – for example, includes such aspects as the protection of the home, aggression and altruism, nepotism, and adherence to the rules of sexual behavior.

the problem of correlation of biological and social in man

At this stage of the development of sociobiology attempts to solve complex social issues with a naturalistic position. In particular, the representatives of this direction point out as factors that influence the freedom and responsibility of the individual, the importance of overcoming the ecological crisis, equality, etc. Though Biologicheskaya concept one of the main objectives aims to maintain the current gene pool, no less urgent is the problem of correlation of biological and social in man expressed anti-humanistic ideas of sociobiology. Among these are the concept of dividing the races by right of superiority, and the use of natural selection as a tool to combat overpopulation.

Sociologicheskaja concept

Against the above concept are the representatives sotsiologicheskoi ideas, defend the importance of social values began. It is worth noting that, in accordance with this concept, the public has priority over the individual.

This view of biological and social in human development is expressed in most role-playing personality theories and structuralism. In these areas, incidentally, are specialists in sociology, philosophy, linguistics, cultural studies, Ethnography and other disciplines.

the ratio of biological and social in man

Proponents of structuralism assume that people – primary componentexisting fields and public subsystems. The society is manifested not by its constituent individuals, but as a complex of relationships and connections between the individual elements of the subsystem. Accordingly, the personality is absorbed by the society.

No less interesting and role theory, explaining the biological and social in man. The philosophy with this position examines the manifestations of man as the totality of his social roles. While social rules, traditions and values serve as the guidelines for actions of individuals. The problem with this approach is fixing attention solely on the behavior of people without considering the peculiarities of their inner world.

Understanding the problem from the point of view of psychoanalysis

Between the theories, absolyutiziruyut social and biological, is psychoanalysis, which has developed a third view of the nature of man. Logically, in this case in the first place is mental the beginning. The Creator of the theory is Sigmund Freud, who believed that all human motives and incentives to lie in the unconscious. The biological and social in man the scientist is not considered as entities that form a unity. For example, the social aspects of it determined by the system of cultural prohibitions, limiting the role of the unconscious.

biological and social in man briefly

Followers of Freud developed the theory of the collective unconscious, in which already there is a bias towards social factors. According to the creators of the theory, it is the underlying mental layer, which has inherent images. Further developed and the concept of the social unconscious, in which he introduced the notion of the set of character traits peculiar to the majority of members of the society. However, the problem of biological and social in man from the perspective of psychoanalysis and were not identified. Did not consider the authors of the concept and the dialectical unity of natural, social and mental. And this despite the fact that social relations developed in indissoluble conjunction of these factors.

Biosocial development

Generally, all the explanations of biological and social as the most important factors in a person exposed to the most severe criticism. This is due to the fact that it is impossible to give a dominant role in the formation of man and society only one group of factors, ignoring the other. Thus, it seems more logical view of man as a biosocial creature.

The concatenation of two base began in this case underlines their common influence on the development of the individual and society. To cite an example of a baby that can be provided to all necessary in maintaining the physical condition, but without society, he will not become a complete human being. Just the best balance between biological and social in man can make him a full member of modern society.

Outside of social conditions alone biological factors will not be able to form of a baby human person. There is another factor of social influence on a biological essence, which is to meet the basic natural needs through social activities.

biological and social in man's philosophy

You Can look from the other side of the biosocial in man without sharing his essence. Despite the importance of socio-cultural aspects, natural factors are also included in a number of priority. Just because of the organic interaction and combined biological and social in man. Briefly introduce the biological needs supplementing social life can be an example of procreation, eating, sleeping, etc.

The Concept of a holistic social nature

That's one idea, which leaves equal space for consideration of both entity and person. It is usually seen as an integral concept of the social nature in which it is possible an organic combination of biological and social in man and in society. Proponents of this theory considers the human being as a social being, and which retains all the characteristics with the natural laws of the sphere. This means that biological and social identity of the person do not contradict each other, and contribute to its harmonious development. Experts do not deny the influence of any of the factors in the development and aim them correctly to fit into the overall picture of the formation of the person.

Socio-biological crisis

The Era of post-industrial society can not impose its imprint on the processes of human activity, under the prism changes and the role of behavioural factors. If before social and biological in man was formed largely under the influence of labor, that modern conditions of life, unfortunately, almost minimize physical effort on the part of man.

The Appearance of new technical means ahead of the needs and abilities of the body, which leads to misalignment between the goals of society and the primary needs of the individual. The members of the society are under increasing pressure of socialization. At the same time, the ratio of biological and social in man remains the same inareas where there is little impact of technology on the way and the rhythm of life.

Overcoming disharmony

unity of biological and social in man

To overcome the conflicts between biological and social processes helps modern services and infrastructure development. In this case, technical progress, on the contrary, plays a positive role in society. It should be noted that in the future possible growth of existing and the emergence of new human needs, to meet which need other types of activities that help to restore mental and physical strength.

In this case, the social and the biological in man is merged to the service sector. For example, maintaining a close relationship with other members of society, people use equipment that is conducive to his physical recovery. Accordingly, to stop the development of both entities, human behavior question. Development factors evolyutsioniruet together with the object itself.

The Problem of correlation of biological and social in man

Among the major difficulties encountered in the consideration of biological and social in man is necessary to allocate the absolutization of one of these forms of behavior. Extreme views on the nature of man prevent to identify problems that just occur from the differences in different factors of development. Today, many experts suggest to consider the social and biological in man individually. Through this approach, and identifies the main problems of the relation of two entities – conflicts that take place in the process of implementation of public tasks, personal life, etc. for Example, the biological entity can prevail in the competitive struggle – at the time, as the social side, in contrast, requires the execution of tasks of creativity and compromise.

Conclusion

biological and social identity of a person

Despite significant scientific advances in many fields, questions of anthropogenesis for the most part remain unanswered. In any case, it is impossible to say exactly what the proportion is of biological and social in man. Philosophy is faced with new aspects of the study of this question that appear on the background of modern changes of the individual and society. But there are some points of convergence of opinions. For example, it is obvious that the processes of biological and cultural evolution go together. We are talking about the relation of genes to culture, but their importance varies. The primary role, however, is gene, which becomes the ultimate cause of most of the motives and actions of the person.


Article in other languages:

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/nav-ny-gramadstva/31793-sacyyal-nae-b-yalag-chnae-chalaveku-f-lasof-ya-prablema-suadnos-n-b-ya.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/news-und-gesellschaft/31474-soziale-und-biologische-im-menschen-philosophie-das-problem-der-wechse.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/noticias-y-sociedad/31335-social-y-biol-gica-en-el-hombre-filosof-a-el-problema-de-la-correlaci-.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/zha-aly-tar-o-am/32114-leumett-k-zh-ne-biologiyaly-adam-filosofiya-problema-ara-atynasy-biolo.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/aktualno-ci-i-spo-ecze-stwo/33178-spo-eczne-i-biologiczne-w-cz-owieku-filozofia-problem-stosunku-biologi.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/not-cias-e-sociedade/32915-social-e-biol-gico-no-homem-filosofia-o-problema-da-rela-o-biol-gica-e.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/haber-ve-toplum/28520-sosyal-ve-biyolojik-bir-adam-felsefe-sorun-oran-biyolojik-ve-sosyal-bi.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/novini-ta-susp-l-stvo/32326-soc-al-ne-b-olog-chne-v-lyudin-f-losof-ya-problema-sp-vv-dnoshennya-b-.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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