What are the different types of text? How to determine the type of the text?

This article focuses on what are the different types of text.

The Text – this is not a simple set of words. A certain amount of style and sense, revealing a single theme, and having total integrity and its structure. The text must be traced the fundamental idea of the final part needs to be brought to its logical conclusion. The text is of two types – oral (spoken the statement aloud) and written (written statement on paper or electronic media). By volume it can consist of at least two sentences. In order to answer the question of what are the different types of text, you need to reveal several common themes. Let's get started!

Part of text

One of the main components is the idea that the author reveals in his creation, showing his attitude to the described object. Impact idea can either in the title or in one of the semantic sentences of the text. The idea – it's kind of the same main idea for which the author created the text.

The Crucial issue. Without an expression on a specific topic will be lost integrity and relevance of the whole text. The end result is a common set of words and sentences, has no common sense. The theme of the text is the main and common subject of discussion. It reflects the General content and plays the role of semantic nucleus. How exactly will be covered a given topic depends on the value and importance of the text.

The Main themes in a large text can break up into a number of subtopics. They, in turn, are divided into paragraphs (microtheme), which often act as the context. Context – this part of the text, which is necessary to understand the meaning of the phrase included in it. Besides the obvious meaning of the text can meet the hidden idea called overtones.

What is composition?

Each text has a certain internal structure, or composition. Basically a set of suggestions consists of three parts that are interrelated, namely introduction, main body and conclusion. In part by “Entry” voiced the idea opens the topic and issues that will continue to be addressed. Already, on the basis of this part of this article, it is possible to answer, what are the different types of text. But, perhaps, not be in a hurry. The main part, which is the main, contains the development of ideas and text. Here the main topic and idea, to solve all the problems voiced in the introduction. The conclusion provides a logical conclusion the basic idea. In this part summarizes and draws conclusions. And when ready to work, you can choose the title, reflecting all of its content, the text can be considered complete.

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Structural components

The Text itself is a separate part, logically related to each other. These parts are called text units. The smallest unit is the sentence, which is the main structural element.

Groups sentences were formed in such an element, as fragments, they, in turn, develop into paragraphs with complete meaning. Larger structural elements - paragraphs, chapters, and other sections are highlighted graphically. All units of text are the text-forming function. And to maintain the structural and semantic unity helps mirazova chain or parallel connection, which is implemented in the form of repetition and enumeration, comparison and contrast, explanations and justifications, and so on. Therefore, the text has a certain structure, consisting of interrelated parts.

Quite close we were to the answer to the question of what types of texts are.

What can be styles

The style of speech distinguish between speaking and reading, the latter of which is divided into: scientific style (educational literature), publicistic style (media, television), as well as the official style (different document types) and artistic style (works of art). A distinctive feature of artistic style is the ability to combine all of these styles.

What are the types?

By using a type of speech chosen by the author for presentation of his thought, solved the main purpose for which the text was created. Functional-semantic types of text are divided into narrative, description and argument.

Type “narrative” is a story of interrelated events, presented in a time sequence.

Type “description” there has been a consistent feature and the image of any objects, events, people or phenomena.

Type “reasoning” is the study and research of certain objects, and identifying their interrelationships. Here are the types of texts come in.

Description of “narrative”

The hallmark of the most common type of in the first place, is the development of events in a certain time. Second, each text-the narrative is structured in the form of strings of events, their development andinterchanges. Thirdly, the narrative or from a third party, or from the first. Basically, the narrative uses past tense verbs (perfect tense). Recall that what are the different types of text written just above, and in these paragraphs we comment on each.

Description of “description”

A Characteristic feature of this type is a consistent feature and the disclosure of the characteristics of a specific person, object or event. Here are listed the main features and characteristics of the described object. The description uses construction, complicated homogeneous definitions and additions. Also used metaphors, comparisons and epithets. The main objective of the text-descriptions – create objective opinions and views on the subject.

Description of “reasoning”

The Argument has a certain scheme and logical structure. The first expresses the main idea, forming a hypothesis or thesis. Then, to prove or to refute the evidence and arguments. In the end, the ending of the text is logically valid conclusions.

How to define a type

Consider how to determine the type of text. First, you must read it carefully, understand its main objective and main theme, to formulate the meaning of the content. Let's see what questions does the text. If it is a question What? where? or When? – you have the story as its main goal – to tell about the subject in time. If the text answers the question What? – this is the description, as its main task is to describe the subject. If the question is Why? how? or What? – then this argument, as it is convincingly proved the point of view on the problem of the subject. How to determine the type of the text, understanding the main purpose and content focusing on the main objectives and features of the texts? Without difficulty! And, of course, pay attention to the main features of types of texts.

So, a few sentences, connected – is text. And their types are divided into description, narration and reasoning, and have the boundaries between them rather conditional. What does it mean? Very often, for example, in the text found the narration with elements of description and (or) arguments. This can be seen in such works as: "Monday begins on Saturday", «Anna Karenina», «Crime and punishment”, “Transformation”. That is one piece (especially art), in most cases, can contain all the semantic types of texts.