The main properties of attention

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2018-03-26 22:52:08

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Note – expression of interest to a particular object or subject, selective focus perception on the subject.

Some specialists consider attention necessary component of the process of perception, others believe that this is a special condition of the person. Some are of the opinion that the attention – independent mental process, such as memory, feeling, etc. Finally, another group of scientists is confident that the attention and its properties – a process that pervades all mental levels.

All experts divide the concept into several types: involuntary attention, arbitrary, posleprodazhnoe.

Involuntary (unintentional) attention occurs effortlessly, by itself. Bright flash, loud sound, unusual images can attract a person suddenly, without effort on his part.

Voluntary attention is determined by the will of the individual. It arises when a person has a goal, setting. To demonstrate the necessary strong-willed effort.

Attention is always determined by the interest of a person, his attitudes, ability to concentrate, psychological properties of the individual. All of these features determine the main properties of attention. Only six of them.

• Stability. This time characteristic determines the ability of the individual some time to concentrate on the activity or subject. Sustainability depends on awareness of purpose, relationship to the object or activities, the level of interest. For this reason, it may be different in one person in different situations. Naturally, different people have different resistance.

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The Opposite of sustainability – distracted attention.

• Objectivity. Based on this property attention of the pledged object or phenomenon to which attention should be directed. No attention, it must be involved in something. So it is absolutely pointless are the calls of adults of type: "Children! Be careful!”. Without specifying the object on which to concentrate, it is impossible to attract the attention.

• Concentration or the ability of consciousness to highlight the main subject. In the process, there is a narrowing of the field of perception with a simultaneous increase of importance of the received information. On a physiological level it can be explained as follows: inhibition occurs in all parts of the cortex except one, who at this moment is excited and becomes dominant.

• Distribution. Ability to simultaneously track multiple actions, objects, or entities. Caesar was known for being able to simultaneously play 7 action, Napoleon dictated 7 documents. One scientist psychologist could write one poem aloud while reading another. If we analyze the properties of attention, the ability to distribution –occurs least often. In reality, a person are able in a single moment in time can only handle one subject. Everything else – the ability to instant switch from subject to subject.

• Switch. A conscious transposition of attention from object to object, from one object to another, the transition of one kind of action to other promotes relaxation, helps better concentration.

• Volume. Is the quality of the objects, which the brain is able to perceive simultaneously. It is not amenable to training.

Scientists believe that all of the properties of attention – the volume, concentration, switching, distribution, and stability – the vast majority of cases are not independent of one another. For example, a lack of concentration of attention does not mean it is a small amount.

Impaired attention depends on the condition and can be caused by stress, brain damage, disease. Usually affects not all properties of attention at the same time, and some of them.

One of the most common violations is a distraction. It has two reasons. First: the inability to focus. Second: absorption in work, excluding all other processes and objects. This so-called “professorial absent-mindedness" of the peculiar people, immersed in the solution of any problems and do not pay attention to other aspects of life.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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