In psychology person is important to the realization of self-worth - when they are interested in, listen intently, want to understand. The interaction of people in society is based on courtesy and basic etiquette.
One of the new areas in the communication skills is active listening. Its essence lies in the friendly attitude to the interlocutor, the desire to understand it. Interest – the main technique of active listening. Knowledge technologies will help to gain the trust of the interlocutor, to obtain from him detailed information.
In dealing with children active listening will allow a better understanding of fears and feelings of the child. He learns to overcome their problems. Parents and children will become more attentive, tolerant to each other. So will a harmonious relationship in the family.
While communication is important not only expressive, to speak properly, but to be able to listen. For the understanding with its counterparts it is of great importance. To be able to listen – it means to perceive the flow of information from the narrator. The level of human culture will allow you to politely listen to the interlocutor, the tact to refrain from sharp statements, disparaging expressions.
The Ability to listen depends on personality type, intelligence, culture, communication, age, gender. Scientists have proved that women are emotional during the hearing, inattentive, often interrupting the interviewee's own stories. Men are able to listen to information up to the end, mentally searching for solutions.
Many professions associated with the ability to listen. It's the sellers, barbers, massage therapists, psychologists, doctors, teachers, administrators, consultants. For business communication efficiency is important and the culture of hearing. There are special techniques that contribute to the perception of information. Receiving active listening Will help to support the source, shows the significance of his story.
Psychologists and researchers of communication are 4 types of hearings.
Empathetic listening. Is the ability to read the emotions of the speaker. The ability to imagine yourself in the place of the interlocutor, to empathize with him. Empathetic listening effectively, if the counterpart or its information evoke positive emotions.
Critical listening. This is a deliberate analysis of the information received. Its critical perception, understanding. Such a hearing is effective for making responsible decisions. It allows you to weigh the pros and cons, to agree or disagree with the interlocutor.
Passive (non-reflexive) hearing. This type is used when the interlocutor needs to vent. It involves minimal intervention in the monologue counterparts.
Active (reflective) listening. Is the maximum feedback with the interlocutor. Active listening helps to make a good impression. Allows to influence his point of view. Receiving active listening Reflects common courtesy, attention to the interlocutor.
Active listening – meaning the perception of information. This communication ability allows you to concentrate on the conversation to clarify details, ask again. Using this technology, the interlocutor feels the need in his information, the interest of others.
Ability to conduct conversation, to perceive and understand the words of the speaker is possible only with a friendly attitude. Active listening, equipment and techniques Contribute to the development of a trusting relationship between the interlocutors. It is a professional skill and an art, the mastery of which could take years.
The Inability to establish a dialogue, the alienation of the people make the technology of active listening is in demand. This process consists of several stages.
During a hearing person faces difficulties that hinder the perception of information.
Domestic disturbance – own thoughts and feelings. They hinder the perception, forcing to concentrate on a single thought or a set ofreflection. Dreamy or drowsy state also prevents active listening.
Noise – the stimuli that cause distraction from the conversation. This may be the inability of the interviewee to convey information (incoherence and slurred speech, tempo and volume), strangers or distracting noises (telephone, repairs, sounds).
The Technique of active listening is conventionally divided into 2 types: male and female.
A Male form of active listening applies more to business communication skills. Here is important the correct presentation of information, its understanding and analysis. Therefore, active listening male species more often heard clarifying questions: “where”, “how”, “when”, “why”, “how”.
The Female form of active listening focuses on feelings and emotions. What matters here isn't the accuracy of the information as relevant to her or him. This allows you to take the place of the counterpart, to feel his mood and emotions.
During intercourse should pay attention to the words of the interlocutor, to try to understand it. This will allow you to properly select appropriate techniques of active listening. These include The promotion, repetition, reflection, generalization. They will help you better understand the narrator will promote liking between interlocutors.
The Basic techniques of active listening are to desire to capture the essence of the speech of the interlocutor, to help him. Mastering these methods is achieved assuming constant training. To The techniques of active listening include:
- promotion. It is of interest, given the desire to listen to the interlocutor. At this stage an important goodwill, the lack of evaluation of opinions;
- repetition. It is the follow-up questions, repeating phrases of the speaker. Verbal focus on the main points of the conversation;
- reflection. It is to understand the emotions of the interlocutor. At this stage you can copy in moderate doses facial expressions or gestures of the interlocutor, thus expressing interest and a full understanding;
- generalization. It is the summing up speech of the interlocutor. This concentration on the main idea all is said and selection of compromise.
With regular use easy to remember the basic techniques of active listening. Examples For training are encouraging and follow-up questions, the sympathizers poddakivanie and nodding.
Promote companion enables you to tune in to the conversation. There can be used methods of non-verbal (smile, nodding, friendly eyes). In addition to – verbal. These are the words “yeah”, “please”, “I will listen carefully”, “how interesting".
Repetition it is better to formulate in the form of a question. Then the conversation will be easier to point out the error and to voice his own version of the phrase. These are questions ‘I understand you correctly?”, “you mean?”, “in other words…”.
Reflection – the ability to understand what is difficult to convey in words. The subtext can be read in facial expressions, modulation of voice, high or low intonation. These are the words “are you anxious”, “you feel…”, “you think that…”.
Generalization or permission problems during the conversation slips a few times. Experienced companion will definitely summarize it, thereby implying that they listened to the narrator and understand his basic idea. These are the words “I think I understand what you wanted to say…”, “it seems that the most important thing here…”, “if I understand correctly, you felt…”, “in General, you decided that…”.
During the conversation should not be distracted, and we must try to grasp the essence of speech of the interlocutor. Find out what he wants to say and why. It is necessary to ask clarifying questions. They will quickly understand the interlocutor.
Open issues require a detailed answer. The more there are, the bigger will be the information obtained. This is the questions “how”, “how”, “how”, “why”, “why”.
Closed issues require a short clear answer “Yes” or “no”. We should not abuse them – they create an atmospherequestioning. They are best used at the end of the conversation, in order to ascertain the state of the interlocutor. Were you able to negotiate with him to come to one decision.
Alternative matters consist of two parts. The first part – open question. The second part – two and more possible answers. The interviewee is given the opportunity to choose desired option.
The Techniques of active listening in psychology Contribute to proper relations in society. Therefore, you should avoid obvious mistakes in communication.
In children it is important to know that parents understand the experiences of the child. He's sometimes difficult to put into words all that he feels. Attentive parents should help the child to correctly explain their condition clearly tell about the event.
The Techniques of active listening to children – help in articulating feelings and emotions. Parents not only need to understand the child, but also to learn to empathize with him, to support him. It will bring together and strengthen family relationships. Teach the child not to be afraid of negative feelings, to cope with them. Will lead to mutual active listening: parents – baby – parents.
Father and mother should know the types of hearings. The techniques of active listening children Lies in their demonstration. You need to show the kid that it wants to listen and help.
It also Happens that the interlocutor should be to get rid of. The reasons may be different: from reluctance to communicate with a specific person to not wanting to listen to long monologues. Based on the techniques of active listening, you can create an alternative technology. With its help, the other person will feel the desire to communicate with him. Which concepts do not apply to techniques of active listening?
This alternative methodology should not be used constantly. People need connection and empathy. Only in rare exceptions should think about what the concept is not relevant to the techniques of active listening. It is best to politely explain that the vis wasn't the right time for conversation. Try to avoid annoying interlocutors, giving preference to positive people.
The Basic techniques of active listening Contribute to the benevolent interpersonal communication. With their help, the other person will feel the attention to his words, experiences. Knowledge of techniques and ability to use them will have vis-a-vis the self-esteem that will help come to a consensus.
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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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