Rafters for roof: shape, types, materials

The Roof in any home – the person of the owner, protection from the weather, the safety of its residents. The rafters for the roof are carrier, the main part of the design and the main element. From their construction depends on the appearance of the house. The first step is to understand what types of coverage exist. Roofs are flat and pitched. The latter are divided into three structures, depending on the number of slopes and engineering solutions:

• Single;
• Gable;
• Mnogoskatnoy.

To install the roof can be distinguished: hipped, gambrel, poluvalmovaya attic and other roofs. The truss system can be naslonnye and hanging. As a rule, in practice, a combination of several types of roof trusses.

Construction of the roof of the house always starts with the design. Need to calculate the force of impact of external factors. Take into account the additional possibilities of the functional use of the roof, based on its main task-the protection and security of the house. Properly designed roof can help to increase the living or business area of the structure. Here you can arrange a room for travelers and guests to use the space for storage of household tools and workpieces. In the calculations, consider the following:

- power and the wind speed in the region of a house under construction.

- the annual amount of precipitation characteristic of the area;

- the feature of material (weight, strength, etc.) from which the roof is made.

The rafters for the shed roof have a very simple structure. They are used for farm buildings, summer kitchen, as well as in cases when the house has walls of different height or located in a mountain area. Roofing draw on the windward side. Truss system is used naslonnye. These are two of the inclined beams relative to each other in the upper part connected by a ridge, and lower parts abutting on the two longitudinal beams, which are called "mauerlat". The tilt angle is determined individually by calculating the required parameters and existing conditions.

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For low-rise construction, mostly for constructions of houses, use of gable types - they are the most economical and reliable. The rafter is used as naslonnye and hanging. To install the first option, you need to have an inner longitudinal walls and the pillars. In their absence use for a bunch of design only the outer walls and the hanging truss system, which provides puffs - the horizontal beams that serve to support the truss pillars to strengthen them and distribute the load. This provides the necessary stability and consolidation of mid-construction. Depending on the weight of the roofing material and possible rain, the rafters for the roof consist of racks, podkosov, stops, transoms. The whole system is called "truss". The most reliable of its form-a triangle. Material for the manufacture of a wood of coniferous breeds with the pre-treatment fire-fighting and antiseptic. Should warn that if you have no experience in building this type of construction, the rafters of the roof have to do professional roofers.