Traditionally all the power in the country is divided into three branches. That the legislative, Executive and judicial power. In our country, this provision is enshrined in the Constitution, namely in article 10. Legislative power is mainly engaged in the development of laws and enforcement ensures that these laws were implemented. A special place is given to the third branch. The judicial power of the Federation is Autonomous and independent. It is administered by courts at two levels: Federal and subjects. The system of the judiciary established by the Constitution in the seventh Chapter and the Federal laws - such as the Federal law “On magistrates" FZ “On the status of judges" and so on.
The term "judicial power of the Russian Federation" can be interpreted in different senses: broad and narrow. Thus, this term sometimes referring to a specific court, exercising its powers, the justice system in the country or all the courts. The judicial power of the Russian Federation – it is, by definition, a form of power. That is why it should be considered, starting from the understanding of the word "power". In accordance with this definition of judicial power – this is not only the organizations, institutions and persons with the right to legal proceedings. It also features that they inflict, and a special legal status, defined by legislation of the Russian Federation.
The Organization of the judicial system to determine its foundations. Consider the constitutional foundations of the judiciary, which are the main principles of its activities. You can find them in the Constitution, in Chapter seven. The proceedings in Russia are based on the principles of democracy, equality of all before the courts and the law, the rule of law, respect for the individual, openness, unity of the whole system, etc.
The Constitution provides for three types of proceedings, based on which it operates. It is criminal, constitutional and administrative proceedings. Federal law konkretisiert each of the concepts and defines the courts exercising any legal proceedings.
Criminal is exercised by the Supreme court of the Russian Federation, Supreme courts of republics, regional, military, district and regional courts. The same authorities are considering civil and administrative cases. These courts are also called courts of General jurisdiction.
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Highlight the constitutional proceedings. The judicial power of the Russian Federation gives such powers only by the constitutional court and constitutional (Charter) court of a Republic. The first deals with a wide range of question, the most important of which – consideration of cases on conformity with published regulations in the country of the Constitution. As for the second, he deals primarily with review requests about the compliance of a normative act of a certain subject (one in which the court is located) of the Constitution of the subject.
So, the judicial power of the Russian Federation – an independent and separate branch of government associated with the other two by means of a system of checks and balances. It is carried out solely on the basis of normative acts is indivisible, and by using the proceedings.
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