Judicial system of the UK

Judicial system of the UK is quite intricate and complex set of different legal institutions, legal norms, customs and traditions. This confusion is largely due to the fact that it is intricately intertwined norms of the early middle ages, New time and the latest period.

In the UK is characterized by extremely respect for the laws: there are able to honor the customs and traditions that go back decades and even centuries. Until now, many local social institutions, including the judicial system of great Britain, operate under the laws and Royal decrees adopted in ancient times.

The Judiciary of the UK has a rather complex structure, which divides into two main levels: the local, which works closely with the local authorities, and Central, which has jurisdiction throughout the territory of the state.

UK legislation there are following types of local ships:

1. Magistrates ' courts – the lowest level of the judiciary in the UK. Often they consist of one judge and consider domestic disputes between spouses, petty crimes with minor penalties, and lawsuits with very small amounts. The peculiarity of this court is that the judge is not required to have legal training, so the responsibility falls on his assistants-clerks.

2. The courts of the quadruple sessions, from the point of view of judicial legislation, constitute the appellate body for appeal against decisions of lower courts at the County level. From the point of view of its composition the courts of the quadruple sessions include all of the justices of this County, but, in fact, they were rarely collected. Except for appeals this court can act as a judicial body of first instance, if we are talking about grave and especially grave crimes.

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3. The courts of the counties in the judicial bodies, consisting of one or two professional judges and operating on the territory allotted to them in the County. The laws in the UK restrict their scope of activities: the courts, the County may dismantle and make decisions solely on civil cases.

As for the Central courts, the judicial authority of great Britain at the highest level appears even more complex and confusing than the local. To the Central courts include the Supreme court, the Central criminal court in London, the courts of visiting sessions, numerous special courts and the court of the house of lords.

The Entire judicial system of the UK is under the control of the Supreme court, which is the highest judicial body of the Kingdom. Structurally, it consists of High and court of Appeal, with the first of them includes the Court of Queen's bench and the court in the probate, divorce and Maritime Affairs.

Central criminal court in London examines a criminal case on the crimes committed or directly in the capital of great Britain, or within the boundaries of the London County. In addition, it deals with issues about crimes committed outside the Kingdom or in the open sea.

The Judicial system in the UK involves a high responsibility judges when making decisions. Therefore, all judges, as in the Central organs, and in the field, are appointed directly by the ruling monarch with the agreement of the Lord Chancellor, who not only heads the house of lords, but also concurrently is the head of all justice in the UK. It is also worth noting that the appointment of judges in England is lifelong in nature.

A Number of criminal and civil cases in the UK is considered in a jury trial. This court consists of one (rarely two) professional judges and twelve jurors. Here, after going through the entire trial, the jury verdict on the basis of which the judge formulated the sentence. For the rendering of a verdict requires at least ten votes in the jury.