How to grow mushrooms at home: step-by-step instrukciya

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2018-04-02 15:00:25

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Mushrooms & ndash; enough common mushrooms. They massively grown for use in the food industry, particularly in cooking. On their breeding entrepreneurs build a business that brings good returns. But experienced farmers prefer mushrooms grown at home. Read about it in this article.

What is included in the composition of the soil?

Is it Possible to grow mushrooms at home? Of course, it is the farmer or the owner of private holdings without any experience. Importantly, you need to arm yourself with knowledge in this matter and to follow the instructions. The most time consuming process in growing mushrooms is the preparation of the soil. For the area of the mycelium in the three-meter square will need 100 pounds of vegetable ingredients, which include the following:

  • Straw.
  • Grain cereals, you can use rye or wheat.
  • Fallen leaves of plants.
  • Tops from tomatoes or potatoes.
How to grow mushrooms at home

In addition, the composition of the soil should include:

  • A Horse or cow manure in the amount of poltsentnera.
  • Water – 300-400 liters.
  • Urea and superphosphate in the amount of two pounds each.
  • Gypsum – seven or eight, and Mel-five pounds.

It is Possible to prepare another composition using bird droppings. Here taken other ingredients and their amounts:

  • Manure and straw – a quintal.
  • Water – 300 liters.
  • Plaster & ndash; as in the previous part.
  • Urea – two kilograms.

The Process of making compost

First you need to make the heap with the same size (half a meter) in width, length and height. It is in this balance of parameters properly will be burning. The compost will Mature in two to three weeks.

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How to grow mushrooms at home? First you need to plant them in the ground, which is prepared as follows: all components of plant origin and straw to soak for a day. However, their manure should be laid in layers, and the straw is abundantly watered. Contained in the core components should be stirred thoroughly and moisturize once a week to ensure proper combustion. At the first kneading in the compost is added to the crushed lime. For the second time – superphosphate. Then stirring is carried out with the addition of powdered gypsum or alabaster. Every time after mixing, the resulting stack is covered with a film.

is it Possible to grow mushrooms at home

Note that in the process of preparation of the soil will be allocated an unpleasant odor similar to ammonia and carbon dioxide. Therefore a better preparation to do on the street. But at the same time need protection from sunlight and rain. If we organize the process in the room, it should be well ventilated.

How to grow mushrooms at home? For this you need to take into account the important points, without which this process impossible. First of all, is the stock of compost, for growing mushrooms it is required in large volume. In the process of its preparation the temperature can reach 53 to 70 OC. When the burning process is complete, the thermometer will fall to 21-25 O, and the odor will disappear. The elastic soil structure and brown color. He does not stick to hands, the straw can be easily broken.

How to lay out the compost?

When the preparation of the soil is completed, proceed to another procedure – it is laid. First you need to choose containers in which to grow mushrooms. They can be racks, boxes of wood, containers of plastic bags. The compost mass is decomposed in prepared container layer, the height of which must not exceed 22 cm

Types of mycelium

The Seed of the fungi is called mycelium. It is grown at home or in the laboratory. The mycelium is of two types:

  • Compost – this kind of seed stored for a long time at zero temperature, for about a year. On a plot size of one meter square will need 500 g of mycelium.
  • Grain   this formulation is more effective than the first. Seeds of this species germinate better and produce larger yields. His flow on the same area less, only 330-350 g. But the mycelium has a significant drawback: small shelf life. Only six months remain its properties. Keep the seed in the refrigerator.

How to grow mycelium of mushrooms at home?

If the mushrooms are grown for commercial purposes, planting material is the best to buy. But some are confused by the terms in which it was grown, so doing this on my own. To obtain the material we need to plant the spores or to distinguish it from fruiting bodies and then place in a specially prepared environment: wort agar. Its preparation is done in the following technologies:

How to grow mycelium of mushrooms at home
  • First you need to mix the wort (one liter) and agar (20 g) with boiling water.
  • After the dissolution of the ingredients of the composition poured into the test tube to the third part of them. Then capacityshut up with cotton swabs and 30 minutes is placed in an autoclave with a temperature of 101OAnd 1.5 atmosphere.
  • The Tubes are placed not directly, but obliquely, so that the traffic was no more than 3.5 cm Now have to wait until the wort is cooled.
  • After that, the vials need to add spores or a piece of fruit body, while maintaining sterility.
  • Capacity should be kept in the thermostat or a dark room at a temperature of 24OAs long as they are not overgrown. In a few weeks, the nutrient medium will be developed mycelium. This means that by planting they are fully prepared.

Typically, this composition is used for growing mushroom mycelium at home, although there are substitutes: agar oats, carrot agar.

Technology right growing mushrooms

Mushrooms at home can be grown using mycelium. For this purpose it is necessary to properly plant and space properly to choose the mode of temperature and humidity. Under these conditions the first harvest can be obtained through the year.

If planting grain mycelium in the soil is necessary to make the grooves 30 cm deep and 50-60 cm wide. The distance between the holes should be 20 cm in order to normalize the temperature, you need to leave them for two or three days and then lay the mycelium. For the location of the body of the fungus used in the chess order.

When planting mushroom mycelium compost is used, the technology is different. The bottom of small pits carpeted with drainage. Placed on top of the compost in which is placed the mycelium. After this planting material is closed to them. Subject to all rules, given the quality of the mycelium after seven days we can expect the emergence of new strands of branches.

After 21 days you need to put wet soil on top of beds with a thickness of 25-30 cm If the layer is more, the body of the fungus inhibited their germination will occur soon.

you Can grow mushrooms at home

In order to observe the temperature regime in the room where they grow mushrooms, you need to temporarily install canopies or ground cover with straw. If the compost will have a plaque in white, so it needs hydration. After watering the soil cover or stubble is removed.

The First harvest will have to wait long, only 45 days. Collect the mushrooms need as soon as ripe, because the period of productivity is small, only three or four days. The next period of fruiting can be expected in three to four months. The first harvest waves richest.

Mushrooms in bags

How to grow mushrooms at home? For this there are many possibilities. In every courtyard there are farm buildings, cellars. They are tailored for growing mushrooms. However, you can grow at home mushrooms in bags of polymeric materials. This method is used in many countries for a long time. It allows you to receive large amounts of mushroom harvesting.

The Bags can be made independently of transparent polymer films of different capacities. For growing at home are more suitable for 25-pound. But the main criterion for the choice of bags is convenience in the execution of works on the cultivation of mushrooms. To make it successful, you need to correctly place the bags in the room. This is done in different ways, but the most common are:

Grow mushrooms at home in bags
  • On the principle of the balance of chess. With this method the usable area not used by only 10 %.
  • Side-by-side bags. In this case, the loss of area even more – 20 %.

It is possible to compensate for deep bags, which laid more of the substrate. And the space between unusual beds used for air circulation. There are different options for how to grow mushrooms at home. If everything is done with technology, can achieve excellent results.

Harvest bags

While collecting mushrooms – the most pleasant time. Fungi Mature four months after planting mycelium in the soil bag. At harvest you need to exercise maximum accuracy: cut the mushrooms with a sharp blade or other object can not be, they need to twist. After that, the mycelium sprinkled nutrient substrate and watered using the spray. She is going to bear fruit for two weeks. This time the mushrooms are harvested after two to three days. It is advisable to consume fresh instead of frozen mushrooms. Useful mushrooms with light plates inside the cap. If the mushrooms are old, they will have a brown color, as these mushrooms can accumulate toxic substances that may be poisonous.

How to grow mushrooms at home

The benefits of growing mushrooms in bags

These mushrooms are unpretentious, can grow in the garden under the open sky or in the room. But the pickers with experience prefer to grow them in bags as this method has several advantages:

  • Pests and various diseases do not apply to the entire plot, because if the need arose, you can always removefrom the premises of the specific bag.
  • Due to the mobility of unusual beds in bags to grow mushrooms with seasonal and permanent.
  • Bags with the placement you can put several tiers on the special stand. So to be saved area. This is especially important when growing indoors.
  • The Cost of bags made of polyethylene is lower than containers made of plastic. It matters when growing mushrooms in large volumes.

The Disadvantage of this technology is the use of manual labor. But if cultivation is small, it is burdensome.

Mushrooms in the basement

You can Grow mushrooms in a place like the underground basement of the stable microclimate. Here, the labour costs for the creation of optimal conditions for cultivation of mushrooms is much smaller than, for example, in greenhouses. To grow mushrooms at home in the basement easy, the main thing-to monitor the temperature and humidity conditions. During the incubation period, the humidity should be 75 %, not lower. If the basement is dry, use a humidifier. It is important to know that the spores are activated at a higher temperature – range from 24 to 28 O, and mushrooms sprouting when it falls to 16 OC. the Basement shall meet the following requirements:

  • To Have walls of concrete.
  • Wooden floors is strictly prohibited. The floor needs to be concreted, at least – to cement.
  • In the basement must be ventilated.
  • Mushrooms are not damaged by insects that can enter the basement, the ventilation hole is closed with a mesh.
  • The walls and the ceiling should be disinfected. You can use lime.
  • If the basement is large, it should be divided into zones for the incubation period, and for obtaining fruiting bodies.

How to grow mushrooms at home in the country?

To Grow mushrooms this way is much more difficult than, for example, in the basement. Here great importance is the selection of a site for planting the mycelium. How to grow mushrooms at home? You need to find a place that is always in the shade, and the ground never dries up. Over the site is covered or this place is a darkened greenhouse. How to grow mushrooms at home (photo provided in the article)? The mycelium is cultivated by standard techniques. For mushrooms an important condition for growth is the right temperature and humidity. These indicators should support, the more heat the mushrooms absolutely not tolerate. No less important is the choice of substrate. Nutrients it should contain in large amounts, carbon dioxide – a small. The best option is the land in advance to bring from the forest.

How to grow mushrooms at home

Growing mushrooms in apartment

This method is suitable for those who have no garden or vegetable garden. The main task for this mushroom cultivation is the creation of optimal conditions under which they would normally grow and bear fruit. An example of how to grow mushrooms at home step by step is shown below:

  • The First thing to do is to isolate any room in the apartment for cultivation of mushrooms from those rooms in which people live.
  • Measure humidity. It should be high, about 90 %. If her testimony below, you need to install a humidifier.
  • For maintaining optimum temperature the room is equipped with heaters and ventilation. With their help, will be supported by the temperature regime. Be aware that mycelium grows at 20 OC, and fruiting bodies – 15 OC.
  • After preparation of the premises selected containers filled with the substrate.
  • They planted the mycelium on top is covered by foil which must be removed after the appearance of mushrooms.
  • The Soil constantly moistened, it is impossible to prevent it drying out.
  • When the time is right, the mushrooms should be collected.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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