What is a hybrid car? The best hybrid car

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2018-08-20 13:00:37

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Hybrid Cars are slowly but surely continue to win positions on the global market of the automotive industry. The rising popularity and production of these models contribute to objective factors – ever increasing prices for diesel fuel and gasoline, the introduction of more stringent requirements for efficiency and new environmental standards of the engines.

Hybrid car: what is it?

“Hybrid” in Latin – the object, the resulting compounds of elements of heterogeneous origin. In the world of automobile technology this concept includes a combination of two types of powertrains. We are talking about the internal combustion engine (ice) and electric motor (alternative – a motor that runs on compressed air). Modern car manufacturers give priority to the intelligent energy management.

There are two types of power plants automotive hybrids – full (full hybrids) and light (mild hybrids). The first option involves equipping a vehicle with a powerful electric motor is effectively coupled to the internal combustion engine and able to provide movement of the machine at low speed. In the light version of the motor is given only a supporting role.

hybrid car

A Short excursion into history

The First production hybrid car "Toyota" (Toyota Prius liftback) rolled off the Assembly line nearly two decades ago, in 1997. Two years later, Honda introduced a model of Insight, and after a while the Japanese manufacturers joined in the European and American auto giants-Ford, "Audi", "Volvo", "BMW". By 2014, the total number of fleet hybrids sold has crossed the 7-million mark.

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But do not think that the internal combustion engine and the electric motor are earned in doubles at the end of the twentieth century. The first-born among autohybrid in our current understanding became the Lohner-Porsche Semper Vivus-the car created by the legendary Austrian designer Ferdinand Porsche in the distant 1900.

Diagram of hybrid power systems

diagram of the hybrid car

Parallel

For vehicles that implement a parallel scheme, the lead is engine ignition internal. The powerful electric motor plays a supporting role, turning under acceleration or braking and storing regenerative energy. The consistency of the internal combustion engine and the electric motor is provided with computer controlling system.

Serial

A very simple scheme for hybrid car. Its principle of operation is based on transmission of the torque from the internal combustion engine-generator, generating electricity and charging the battery. The movement of the machine occurs due to the electric drive train.

Mixed

A Variant of simultaneous serial and parallel schemes. Moving from the spot and moving at low speeds, the car uses electric traction and the internal combustion engine provides the generator. The movement at high speed is due to the transfer of torque from the internal combustion engine to the drive wheels. In the presence of high loads the electric motor supplies additional power takes on the battery. The interaction of the electric motor and the internal combustion engine is achieved by the planetary gear.

diagram of the hybrid car

Advantages

The Hybrid car combines the advantages of electric engines and machines with internal combustion engines. The advantages of electric motor – the outstanding torque characteristics of the internal combustion engine-liquid fuel and an excellent energy source. The first effective in the regime of frequent starts and stops, characteristic for urban driving, the second – for constant speed. The undeniable advantages of such a tandem:

  • Efficiency (with equal mileage fuel consumption of a hybrid by 20-25% less than that of the classical model);
  • Long range;
  • Environmentally friendly (reduced harmful emissions into the atmosphere due to the efficient fuel consumption);
  • Minimum wear of the brake pads (to be provided through regenerative braking);
  • Improved running characteristics;
  • Ability to save and reuse energy (drive are special batteries and capacitors).

hybrid cars

Disadvantages

  • High cost due to the complexity of the design of the power plant.
  • Expensive to repair hybrid cars and the problems with disposal of batteries.
  • A Relatively large weight.
  • The Exposure of the battery to self-discharge.

repair hybrid cars

What do the owners?

Motorists around the world are actively sharing the experience of conquering roads and experiences about the machines, analyzing the pros and cons of familiar models. Did not remain without attention and hybrid cars. Reviews of their respective owners testify about the reliability of these machines and the possibility to save part of the family budget for the purchase of fuel. The last advantage is very important for the lovers of long journeys. Among the disadvantages is the high cost of maintenancehybrids and the worst, in comparison with classic cars, the cornering stability.

hybrid car reviews

Top best models

The Toyota Prius (the"Prius")

A Pioneer family of hybrids with two electric motors (power output of 42 kW and 60 kW) combined with engine 1.8-liter (98 horsepower). Maximum speed-180 km/h with an affordable price and exceptional fuel economy, the Toyota Prius for many years takes leading positions by volumes of sales among competitors in its segment.

hybrid vehicles Toyota

Toyota Camry Hybrid ("Toyota Camry")

Hybrid car with great fuel efficiency, attractive design, comfort and high adaptability. Another advantage that distinguishes Toyota Camry among fellow hybrids – quick acceleration, (7.4 seconds this model can accelerate to 100 km/h).

Toyota Camry Hybrid

The Chevrolet Volt ("Chevrolet Volt")

Quadruple Practical hatchback with excellent performance characteristics. A rechargeable hybrid (plug-in hybrid vehicle). Equipped with a gasoline engine (1.4 litre, 84 HP), a block of lithium-ion batteries having a long service life, and electric motor propelling the car. The mileage on electricity in the urban cycle – about 54 to 60 km.

Chevrolet Volt

Volvo V60 Plug-in ("Volvo V60 Plug-in")

The First among autohybrid model with turbo diesel engine (capacity of 2.4 liters, the power of 215 HP the average consumption of diesel per 100 km is 1.9 liters). Possible motor this diesel wagon allow to pass the electric range of 50 km.

Volvo V60 Plug-in

Honda Civic Hybrid ("Honda civic")

The designers of the car made a bet on such important consumer characteristics, such as comfort, fuel economy and practicality. Main components of the popular Honda Civic Hybrid – a compact, striking combined with the capacity of the hybrid due to the special constructive solutions, cost effectiveness and appealing design.

Honda Civic Hybrid

Opportunities, or a Short address to the skeptic

Hybrid technologies have their supporters and opponents. Some are convinced of their relevance and effectiveness, others do not tire to point out the shortcomings. If you are an owner of classic cars with diesel or gasoline engine, you are satisfied with its design, low fuel consumption, technical and performance characteristics, it is possible that it is not necessary to hurry with the purchase of a hybrid. Wait until the manufacturers bring to market more sophisticated version.

Just shouldn't stretch the wait to not have to regret about the lost time and wonder why you've been putting off buying. According to experts, the hybrid car in the next few years will be quite commonplace on the streets of cities and small towns. With the projected significant expansion of the existing line of models. Hybrids will take a worthy place in every segment of car - from SUVs and luxury cars to workers-vans.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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