Engine YAMZ-238: specifications. Diesel engines for heavy vehicles

Diesel engines in the modern world are installed on trucks, tractors, agricultural vehicles and tractors. Domestic analogue sound foreign motors is a YAMZ-238. It is installed on a technique known as MAZ, KRAZ, KAMAZ, ZIL, DON, K-700 and other vehicles. Of course, initially, the engine was intended for the production of Minsk automobile plant. But over time proved that the engine YAMZ-238, specifications which high, is the best diesel engine of the Soviet Union and post-Soviet space, and can easily compete with such known brands, as the MAN and DAF.

General information

YAMZ-238 has replaced outdated motors yaz-yaz 204 and 206. It was developed in the 50 years of the legendary Soviet designer Chernyshev G. D., who was also the author of YAMZ-236.

This engine gained its popularity due to its reliability and compatibility with most cars and tractors. 65 years since the creation of the first motor, and the popularity of these engines has only increased. Easy operation, repair and maintenance made YAMZ-238 indispensable in many agricultural and construction companies that use in their cars this motor.

Of Course, over many years of development and deployment of new technologies, this engine received many modifications, but the basic structure is not changed, only amendments were introduced in the General design.

Specifications

Consider, YAMZ-238, technical characteristics of the motor.

The Engine has a V configuration of cylinders 8, which are arranged in 2 rows. 16 valves ensure perfect injection and production. And the 236th, the piston stroke is 140 mm, cylinder diameter of 130 mm. the Liquid cooling system of the engine YAMZ-238 provides the maximum effect and does not allow the motor to overheat.

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The working volume is 14,866 liters and the capacity, depending on modification, can be 235-420 horsepower. The engine YMZ-238, technical characteristics which allow in some cases to develop the power to 500 horsepower is not the only recommended technique, but on cars with other structural data. Also, the new versions use turbocharging, which gives more confidence and thrust in the operation.

Device

Fuel injection pump YAMZ-238 – it's the fuel pump, which can be called fuel station. It is located in the collapse of the power unit and delivers fuel to each cylinder separately, and the injection is made directly.

The engine has two cylinder heads, which are made of cast iron. The camshaft steel is made by stamping technology. The main power unit is made of cast iron and the crankshaft is made of tempered fabricated by boring.

The injection System is constructed so that the injection pump YAMZ-238 under pressure supplies fuel to the fuel injectors that perform injection. Fuel injection equipment on the engine is considered to be one of the finest in the world. This type of piston system, has a centrifugal clutch, which itself is regulated.

The Tide of the pistons takes place from high-strength aluminium, which allows not to break down under heavy loads. Each of them has 1 oil scraper ring and compression 3.

The Engine YAMZ-238, specifications, and construction which is reliable and simple, has a lifespan of 800 thousand km, and with proper maintenance can reach 1 million km.

Installing on other cars

The Engine YAMZ-238, specifications which high, it is possible to install on other cars. So, alterations have been trucks, construction and agricultural machinery. For example, KAMAZ with the engine YAMZ-238 proved to be very good, which allowed to reduce fuel consumption, unlike the original Kama engine.

Of Course, many vehicles had to redo the mounting elements of the power unit, install a different transmission, but it is justified in the process of operation and repair.

Renovation

The Repair of the engine YAMZ-238 is quite easy if you give it to the specialists in this field. The main problem is finding spare parts, but many manufacturers give the opportunity to choose from a wide selection. With the onset of the crisis, the pricing has increased, but by less than the engines of foreign production.

Consider what spare parts are changed more often when making major repairs, which is exposed to the engine YAMZ-238. Specifications in this case also play a very important role, because there are several generations of the motor, and therefore there is some dissimilarity. So, let's list the spare parts list:

1. Oil Seals crankshaft and camshaft.
2. To a Bearing/shaft.
3. Gilsonite (piston, finger, sleeve, ring).
4. Bushed connecting rod.
5. Valves exhaust and intake.
6. Valve seats.
7. Guides.
8. Valve Seals.
9. Inserts indigenous and connecting rod.
10. Filters.
11. Butter.
12. Setpads.
13. And other small parts.

The repair is usually the engine block and the crankshaft are subjected to boring under repair size, and plane of the cylinder head polished. The average cost of major repairs of YAMZ-238 is about 80000-100000 RUR, depending on region and selected spare parts. It's cheaper than buying a new engine.

Services

Serve the engine JAMZ-238 (specifications which have high results) pretty easy. So, a regular oil change and filters will allow to develop a complete working resource, but in some cases exceed it. Consider what needs to be changed regular THEN:

• Oil in the amount of 25 liters. So much is poured into this motor. By the way, that diesel is a suitable lubricating fluid such as М10Г2К and М10ДМ.
• Oil filter. Depending on the design and modification it can be of different sizes and type.
• Fuel filters that replace required because the quality of domestic fuel poor.
• Repair kits rough and thin cleaning of fuel.

In some cases, a reading of injector and fuel high-pressure pump.