The GAZ-AAA – the car, which became the most massive pre-war three-axis model of the truck not only in the USSR but throughout the world. About it we will cover later in the article.
It is regrettable to admit, but the prototype of Soviet trucks, put on three axis, is the American Ford-Timken. It is worth noting that in the USA a car of this class, characterized by high permeability, was not popular, but in the Soviet Union, where problems of off-road never lost its relevance, like the truck was very helpful. Therefore, since 1931, the plant “Horn Oct», located in Nizhny Novgorod (later renamed Gorky), begins to produce from components shipped from America, the domestic copies “Timenow”.
It is Clear that long so could not continue - the country of the Soviets needed to completely own car.
In 1932 the Moscow NACHI designed “trikosko" taking the base of the again the American Ford AA, who had already served as a prototype for GAZ-AA (“boss”). The results of the work on the car was transferred to the GAS for full debugging, before release in the series.
To Finish the GAZ-AAA was entrusted to Vladimir Grachev, the most talented designer of the Gorky automobile plant, but even he had to put a new truck on the conveyor (in 1934) happened three times. Each time designing the chassis of the new machine started from scratch. The third axis, which simply tried to fit to the existing lorry, refusing to settle down there.
However need to point out the fact that the two sample GAZ-AAA prior to the production model, in 1933, took part in the Karakum mileage.
In the end, the designers achieved the desired result, and the machine went into mass production. And despite the fact that externally, the GAZ-AAA from "lorry" has scored in only the third axle, it was a different machine.
First of all, it should be noted that the new truck has a different frame. Since the engine is now subjected to higher loads, there is a need to improve the cooling system, so four-row radiator from the GAZ-AA was replaced by six-row and plus installed four-bladed fan. Thus, the radiator core is increased in thickness by 37 mm.
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If “lorry" spare wheel was suspended in the rear, under the frame, then GAZ-AAA, first, spare wheels became two, and secondly, they moved directly under the body where it was fixed on a hinged bracket. There the designers have set and tool box. The reason for this change was the Carter truck rear axle which is not allowed to consolidate “spare” (“spare”) in the traditional place. The body to preclude touching of the wheels of the rear truck of his body while driving on the road, was raised ten inches, and its supporting cross bars to increase strength in connection with an increase in payload has been increased in diameter.
In addition, in 1937, the Soviet three-axle truck GAZ was equipped with a more powerful engine (50 HP) instead of the old seroquelno. The secondary shaft of the auxiliary gearbox equipped with a disc brake, and the car received an additional tank for fuel capacity of 60 litres. The body was widened by 10 cm and reinforced metal frame.
Technical characteristics GAZ-AAA was as follows:
The GAZ-AAA – model, which is primarily intended for the army. These cars were used mainly to transport personnel and cargo. As a tractor for art. weapons “trahasch” were not good, as it lacked power. However, these trucks are perfectly suited for mounting chetvertnykh gun emplacements or anti-aircraft guns of calibre of 37 mm.
In addition, based on GAZ-AAA was created self-propelled gun SU-1-12 76-mm cannon, armored cars middle class BA-6 and BA-10, machine repair PARM and PM “type a" radio RTBF, and a variety of vans, tanks, kinopremiya installation, agitators and fire trucks.
In 1943, Gorky automobile plant came under bombardment by German aircraft and was virtually destroyed. For the first time during the war GAS was forced to stop their work.
Despite the problems associated with world war two, the company was fairly quickly restored and continued to produce much needed for a country at war cars. However, after the reconstruction the production of GAZ-AAA wasdiscontinued. And the role of a two-ton truck with high cross after the war began to play a two-axle, equipped with all-wheel drive, GAS-63.
Since 1934 gorkovchan were produced 37 373 machine. Of them till our days survived only three instances.
Article in other languages:
AR: https://tostpost.com/ar/cars/20742-gaz-aaa.html
DE: https://tostpost.com/de/autos/37933-gas-aaa-geschichte-beschreibung-technische-daten.html
ES: https://tostpost.com/es/coches/37709-gaz-aaa-historia-descripci-n-caracter-sticas-t-cnicas.html
HI: https://tostpost.com/hi/cars/22386-gaz.html
JA: https://tostpost.com/ja/cars/20367-gaz-aaa.html
PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/samochody/40340-gaz-aaa-historia-opis-dane-techniczne.html
PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/carros/39973-g-s-aaa-hist-ria-descri-o-caracter-sticas-t-cnicas.html
TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/arabalar/35216-gaz-aaa-tarih-e-tan-m-teknik-zellikler.html
UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/avtomob-l/39146-gaz-aaa-stor-ya-opis-tehn-chn-harakteristiki.html
Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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