All about enzyme pepsin

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2018-04-04 13:10:19

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In this article we will focus on the essential enzyme in the stomach every mammal, including humans. Be considered General information on the enzyme pepsin, information on the isomers and the role of substances in the digestive processes.

General idea

First, let's find out to what class of enzymes include pepsin. This will allow a deeper understanding of the topic.

The Enzyme pepsin belongs to the hydrolase class of proteolytic and produced by the mucous membrane of the stomach, and its main task is the splitting of proteins received with food, to peptides. Pepsin - enzyme that breaks down proteins in an acidic environment. It is produced by organisms are all mammals and reptiles, the representatives of the class of birds, and many fishes.

enzyme pepsin

Presented an enzyme refers to a protein of the globular type has a molecular weight of approximately 34,500. The molecule itself is presented in the form of the polypeptide chain and consists of three hundred and forty amino acids. In its composition also contains HPO3 and three ties disulfide nature.

rennet pepsin

Pepsin is widely used in the treatment and cheese production. In laboratories it is used for a more detailed study of protein compounds, namely, primary protein structure. Pepsin is a natural inhibitor – pepstatin.

Variety of enzyme

Pepsin has twelve isoforms. The differences between all the isomers of pepsin are electrophoretic movement skills, inactivation conditions of proteolytic activity. The cipher of pepsin-KF 3. 4. 23. 1.

The human gastric juice contains seven kinds of pepsin, and five of them diverge sharply in some qualities:

1. Actually pepsin (A) has a maximum activity in the medium of pH = 1.9, while increasing to 6 inactivated.
2. Pepsin 2 (C) maximally active in the environment of pH = 2.1.
3. Type 3 manifests the highest degree of activity at pH = 2.4-2.8.
4. Type 5, also known as gestrichen has a higher degree of activity at pH = 2.8-3.4.
5. Type 7 at pH = 3.3 to 3.9 has the highest activity.

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Importance of the enzyme in digestion

Gastric Pepsin secreted by glands in the deactivated form (pepsinogen) and the enzyme activates hydrochloric acid. Under its influence he goes into a workable form. A mandatory condition for activity of the enzyme pepsin is the presence of an acidic environment, which is why the transition of pepsin in the duodenum it loses its activity, as in the intestinal environment alkaline. The enzyme pepsin is one of the key roles in digestion of the whole class of mammals, in particular humans. This substance breaks down food proteins into smaller peptide chains and amino acids.

Men and women the indicators of development of this enzyme are different. In men stands about twenty-thirty grams of pepsin per hour, while the woman - twenty to thirty percent less. Basic cells, designated the production of pepsin, emit it in the form of pepsinogen. After cleavage of some peptides with N-pepsinogen becomes active form. The catalyst in this reaction chemical transformations acts hydrochloric acid. Pepsin has proteazami and peptidase properties and is responsible for the disaggregation of proteins.

Medical care

pepsin enzyme breaks down proteins in acid medium

In medicine pepsin is widely used as a medicine in some diseases associated with the lack of production of this enzyme in the stomach of the patient. Extract rennet pepsin from porcine mucous membranes of the stomach. The drug is available in tablet form, placed in the blisters, with a mixture of aldina or in the form of powders. Pepsin is included in the composition and some compound medicines. Has the PBX code А09АА03. An example of a pathology in which painosalama prescribed medications, is menetrier disease.

Bovine pepsin is…

Rennet pepsin beef – one of the famous and most commonly used forms of this substance. The enzyme is produced in the fourth stomach of a calf. The drug is used in the production, formed by two enzymes: pepsin and natural pimozidom in proportional quantities. Rennet is used in cheesemaking, and its main functions - formation of clot in milk, and the participation in the process of ripening of cheese and cheese products.

rennet pepsin bovine

Bovine pepsin secreted from the stomach of cattle and in the manufacture of products for sale, goes through two stages of purification of the enzyme from the fat and impurities that are insoluble. The process of production of bovine pepsin has several stages: the extraction process, the salting-out and freeze-drying.

Other uses

The Enzyme pepsin is added to ferment. Also it is used in cheese making. Rennet is a pepsin paired with pimozidom forms the enzyme used to minimize the milk.

what class of enzymes include pepsin

The Process of folding it is called milk protein coagulation, andthat is casein, with the formation of gel on milk basis. Casein has a specific strucure, and only one peptide bond is responsible for the enzymatic type of coagulation of the protein itself. The complex of pepsin with pimozidom is actually responsible for the breakup of the relationship and leads to cuts in milk.

Conclusion

Summing up, we can say that it is a biological active substance is one of the most important enzymes involved in the digestion of food in the stomach of the representatives of many classes of living beings. In manufacturing and medicine, the substance is mainly used as medicine and added to rennet for the production of dairy and cheese products.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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