Pilgrims - what is it really?

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2019-05-18 16:00:28

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Pilgrims – what is it? Strange phrase we find, as a rule, re-reading the old Russian epic. Here beggars are coming to Ilya Muromets, had spent on the stove for many years, and offer him "drink honey”, after which he feels a powerful force. Ilya is changing with calicoe clothes to come to Kiev incognito and out of the princely houses the Idol trash. But Kalika-hero, defender of the capital city…

So what does “Kalika turn”? The most common interpretation of – the beggar, who went from house to house and begging "for Christ's sake". But it's not as easy as it seems at first sight… what it means “Kalika turn”, and will tell that story.

Kaliga - shoes Legionnaires and pilgrims

The Word “enough” brings to mind another, similar sounding – “cripple”, and even the jargon ‘kalichny”, which is used in a contemptuous sense and means “defective”, “defective”, “poor”.

But there is another, the real meaning of the word “Kalika turn”. Is this word from the Latin caligae – kaliga, or leather sandals.

pilgrims what's this

For the First time kaliga, who is also called “Roman boots”, appeared in Ancient Rome where they were worn as ordinary soldiers-legionaries and officers-centurions. The higher ranks prefer to wear closed shoes, the so-called “Kalai”.

Outwardly, kaliga was a sandals open-toed, with the upper part made of interwoven strips of leather and durable hard sole. Such soles are well protected feet even when crossing a hot desert. To make kaliga even stronger and more stable, they incited Shoe nails.

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Ilya Muromets and pilgrims

Two thousand years ago the Roman army, with kaliga, marched across Europe and North Africa, forcing local peoples to submit to the authority of his Caesar. It took a few centuries. Empire fell. Now in Europe was the new rulers, and other religion-Christianity. And sandals that were once worn by the military, were on the feet of the pilgrims going to Jerusalem to the Holy sepulcher.

Pilgrim, pilgrims, beggars

In the first century of Christianity in Jerusalem, which was considered the Holy city, flowed crowds of pilgrims. In the West they were called pilgrim (from the Latin peregrinus - "the wanderer").

what does Kalika turn

The Term “pilgrim” in the Russian language comes from the word “palm”. From their journeys these people had brought palm branches. If you believe the gospel, that they were kept in the hands of the people, welcoming in the Jerusalem of Christ. Finally, the pilgrims were called pilgrims. What is it? People shod in kaliga. The most ancient texts, which can be found in the word, belong to the 11th century.

Monastic brotherhood

It is Worth noting that to go to Jerusalem in the middle ages was not easy. First, then, Palestine was inhabited by Muslims, who considered the Christians the enemies and the crusaders from Europe – they belonged to the Orthodox as heretics. And those and others, met pilgrims from Russia, could not let him go alive.

Secondly, the pilgrimage was costly – without money the wanderer had risked to die of hunger, before they reached the Holy land. Of course, the Church willingly sponsored the “good cause”, but still very few people traveled alone. Often pilgrims gathered in the monasteries and went to wander in large groups - because it was safer. Talk about it and epics. For example, “Forty-Kalik with calicoe”

And from the desert was Efimiev
From the monastery of Bogolyubov
Started Kalika araratica
To the Holy city of Jerusalem…

What they were at the beginning?

Obviously, the true Wanderers-Kalika, who in the middle ages went to the Holy land, was not like the image that exists in the mind of modern man. What it is – pilgrims in the times of Kievan Rus?

Among these people, there was almost no beggars, but there were many wealthy-merchant, or a boyar family. Such people could afford expensive clothing – sable fur, shoes with semi-precious stones. In the epics referred to, and the staff from ‘a fish-tooth" is of walrus ivory. Many of them were experienced warriors, and even strongmen. Beggars often carried a weapon that was very useful in Palestine, jam-Packed with enemies.

Of Course, the memory of the people could not capture these characters in the epics. Among such tales there is one that tells about the pilgrims coming to Jerusalem – “Forty-Kalik with calicoe”. But it is not as well known as those concerning the life of Ilya Muromets and his exploits.

Ilya Muromets and pilgrims

This hero has long been loved by the people, and such glory as he had no one other hero epics. A special love was the fact that he was born – a man, a simple peasant. Sometimes in the epics, Ilya was called "Cossack". He was a real person, or a collective character, it is unclear – researchers have not yet come to a consensus.

In the first epic story of Ilya – a peasant's son, who alllife there sat on the stove. Two strangers, ‘pilgrims", came to him and gave to drink “drink honey”, which gave him “great heart”. Before this happened the main miracle: although Ilya for many years could not take another step, he rose to his feet, opened the gate and let strangers into the house. Healed Elijah, the pilgrims told him to become a hero and find yourself a horse, and then disappeared like they never existed – “poteryalsya”.

what does Kalika turn

The epic “Ilya Muromets and Idol trash” the character is changing clothes with calico turn Ivanishin. Here the stranger is described as a man of tremendous growth and powerful force, dressed (“gunya Sorochinskaya”, the Greek hat, silk sandals with precious stones, kluka “ninety pounds”, “podskazki rytogo velvet”). He talks about how he went from Jerusalem through Kiev, which hosts the Idol trash, because it was not in Kiev heroes and there was no one to protect the city. Dressed Kalika, Ilya comes to Kiev, where he cast out the Idol of the Russian land. In another embodiment, the epics he releases Tsargrad (Constantinople).

Kalik – empty

Times have changed, and with them changed the image of beggars, pilgrims. The moment came when the pilgrims were called pilgrims, who went from village to village, and begged for a night. To earn a living, they were singing spiritual songs, hymns, poems and epics-because they have not a penny. Some of these strangers begging "for Christ's sake". Most of these were elderly, lame or blind – in the latter case, they drove allowed.

meaning of the word Kalika turn

In Ukraine and Belarus wandering singers carried a local variant of the lute – kobza, wheel lyre or. In those places they were called kobzars. It is the bard pretended to be pan Zagloba, the hero of the novel by Henryk Sienkiewicz “Fire and sword" when he left the Cossacks of Khmelnytsky. People say that loved, fed eagerly and felt blessed.

Now to the question of what it is, pilgrims, people would say that it beggars vagrants, maimed, and generally old. So gradually the word “enough” came to mean a disabled person, and eventually became the ‘crippled". The old way beggars, heroes, and the cross puts “writing”, and enemies gets worse the Ilya Muromets, was only in the epics.


Article in other languages:

AR: https://tostpost.com/ar/education/17226-pilgrims---what-is-it-really.html

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/adukacyya/33192-to-br-perehozhie---shto-geta-takoe-na-samay-sprave.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/bildung/32867-kaliki-perehozhie---was-ist-das-eigentlich.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/la-educaci-n/32748-kaliki-perehozhie---que-es-en-realidad.html

HI: https://tostpost.com/hi/education/18841-pilgrims---what-is-it-really.html

JA: https://tostpost.com/ja/education/16888-pilgrims---what-is-it-really.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/b-l-m/33508-kaliki-perehozhie---b-l-shyn-m-n-nde.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/edukacja/34563-kaliki-perehozhie---co-to-jest-w-a-ciwie.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/educa-o/34363-kaliki-perehozhie---o-que-verdade.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/e-itim/29944-kaliki-perehozhie---bu-nedir-asl-nda.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/osv-ta/33716-kal-ki-perehozh---scho-ce-take-naspravd.html

ZH: https://tostpost.com/zh/education/6663-pilgrims---what-is-it-really.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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