White salary. Formal and informal wages

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2018-11-02 14:01:02

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Many are familiar with such a thing as a white salary. Heard about the black and grey. Some are not familiar with these phrases, but they know about the existence of wage “envelopes”. Our life is like the color division of the salary entered for quite some time. So I want a good understanding of these schemes to understand how something works.

General characteristics

White salary – one that is paid officially. You should learn more to understand what components to include, and then to address issues related to informal payments. This unusual name has nothing to do with the color of the banknotes or coins, gave him the salary due to the fact that it passes, as expected, on all documents is the official up to the last coin. The list of documents in which it reflects:

- Provision for payment of labour;

- the employment contract;

- the order on employment;

- other official documents.

White wages

While white wages the employee has the opportunity to track exactly how made all payments, allowances and deductions.

Legislative framework

It Should be noted that in the law no mention of white, gray or black salary. The employer formally establishes a certain wage, which must be agreed with the trade Union of the enterprise and spelled out in the documentation relating to the internal activities of the firm, company or organization. Then, in what order, will be paid a salary, as well as the form and timing of payments on the enterprise is usually set by the employer, as regulated by the Labour code of the Russian Federation. The employer is required to observe only two conditions:

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- he has no right to pay wages smaller than the minimum level of remuneration;

- periodicity of payment of wages needs to be once a fortnight.

It Should be noted that the official salary represents the income of the individual. Tax code of the Russian Federation requires that all of it necessarily shall be deducted the amount of income tax, which is 13-30%. Only after the removal of the payment of wages charged to all other deductions.

The official wage

Depending on which form of payment is practiced on enterprise or for a particular job or profession is the assessment of funds for payment to the employee. Remuneration can take one of two forms: time-based or piece-rate.

Time payment

Now, consider the case when the company operates with a system of hourly wage. In this case, the white salary consists of base salary, established specific employee award. Salary is paid in full, if the time calculated for the employee, fully worked out. The award may be considered as a percentage of salary or a fixed value. In each case all depends on the employer. As a basic document in such a form of settlement used, the sheet of accounting of working time.

Piece

In this case the payroll is processed in accordance with the standards that were developed by the employee, this can be a service, or unit of a product. Naturally, this form of payment may be used where the amount of work done can be estimated in units or pieces. This principle can be applied to the payment of the premium, i.e. to consider whether the norm whether there was a marriage, if you have achieved something very special in performance at work and other.

envelope salaries

Compensation

Typically, the salaries of employees are made up of several positions:

salary – time which an employee actually worked, or the norm, which made them at the time of production;

award;

- the district factor, if used;

a bonus given for seniority, academic degree, honorary title, etc. Very often artists and teachers receive various allowances;

- holiday pay if an employee goes on vacation;

- payment in accordance with sick leave in the same period, the employee shall be on sick leave and have time to take the private hospital to run up charges.

In the organization may well be provided some payment.

Order of payment

If you are using white salary, that is, it is calculated and paid, the enterprise accounting deducts all required deductions, including income tax, takes into account the premiums received by the employee, benefits, copayments, and produces all necessary paperwork properly. The employee can see all earnings and deductions for each item of the calculation sheet.

The company's Management sets the timing of payments, the frequency should be at least once a fortnight. Choose the leaders and the form of payment, this can be charges through the cashier of the enterprise or transfer to the Bank card used by the employee. The salary in an envelope is not carried out in ways, and given to the employee personally.

In that case, if the non-payment of wages is 15 days or more, recipients of payment have the right, which legally confirmed, temporarilynot to fulfil their duties, not to visit his workplace till the moment of full payment of the appropriate portion of remuneration. In this case, the employer is obliged to pay and days of downtime.

the Minimum salary in Moscow

The worker has the right to resign if there is the fact of delay of wages. The head thus obliged not only to sign the statement, but to fully settle with the employee on the date of his dismissal. Salaries of such opportunities does not. However, this list of rights is not given to all categories of employees. Law enforcement officers and civil servants can not apply such measures to the employer that delays the payment of labor, in accordance with the law. All other categories can.

Informal wage

It is Already clear that the official charge is called white, and informal can be considered grey or black. This type usually referred to such forms of remuneration of employees who are not on the documentation of the enterprise fully or partially. Often the workers are given wages in envelopes. The responsibility for this ultimately will be borne by both parties, as both are violators of the laws. Cash in a dense white envelope hidden from prying eyes, so all transactions get informal.

You Should understand what constitutes salary in the envelope, what it includes, how it is paid and by what exists.

What is gray salary?

This phenomenon can be seen on a fairly eloquent example. Imagine that the worker has a job at a certain company for a very small office, which has a very small salary. The salary of the employee, as well as its function result, do not correspond stated in the documentation. During this inconsistency, the employer pays him monthly Supplement to the official salary, which is issued in accordance with all the rules, a certain amount (depending on situation), no statement or even some kind of records, right at hand, that is cash. In this case we are talking about the “grey” pay.

Such an option quite often used by employers in order to reduce taxes. There are times when the company urgently requires a specialist who have quite specific skills, but missing a post in the staffing. It is quite difficult to implement urgently the required position, and at times is not impossible. In this case, «gray» salary is the only option. The employee is made to any vacant position, and the functions it performs are the ones expected of him. Wages and taxes in this case will be very different from those that should be in fact, as the missing part of the payments it receives in “envelope”.

Average salary

Scheme gray salaries in the form of dividends

There is also such a scheme of payments gray salaries. Each employee you receive the opportunity to purchase a certain part or more shares of a company which he is obliged to sell the company in case of dismissal. It's all spelled out in the employment contract. The official average salary of the worker, which quite often prove to be minimal, goes to his card, or he receives it in cash, and a large part of the money he was given in the form of dividends. As a result, and it turns out the gray salary, which is concealed under good cover.

accounting salary

The Tax authorities will normally be an examination of all the documents joint meetings in addition, the content of employment contracts, the portions and frequency undertaken by the company payments. Dividends are traditionally paid every month and every quarter. In addition, very often in the decisions of the meetings of joint stock companies you can find a lot of inaccuracies and errors that help to identify the payment of salaries of gray, give the opportunity to accuse employers of illegal action.

What is the advantage of gray salaries?

The use of such schemes wages become gray, which is beneficial not only to the employer but also the staff that receives them. And the reason that there are quite a lot. Reducing the tax burden is beneficial for both parties:

decreases the amount of income tax deducted from salaries due to taxation at a lower wage;

- the amount of alimony paid is also reduced, as it is used to calculate only the size of the official salary. The size of the held part usually does not exceed 20% of total earnings.

All suggests that the black and white salary – two sides of our current situation. The majority of employers finds a balance between them through the transition to gray salaries.

The Essence of black wages

Often employers try so hard to reduce tax payments hiring employees without their official registration. This eliminates the need to conclude an employment contract, the making of entries in the work book, even if it is in the company at the request of management. In this case, wages are paid exclusively in envelopes.The amount of payments can vary from minimal to quite high. For example, the minimum wage in Moscow is RUB 15 000.

The Implementation of such financial transactions requires the employer to certain efforts in the form of double-entry bookkeeping: in black wages goes unreported revenue. This option is convenient for entrepreneurs who are dealing with sales of goods, transportation, that is, those business areas in which there is a constant circulation of cash. Later she goes to salaries in envelopes.

Such a scheme Works and real estate offices. Officially can have only a few real estate agents, and the remaining eight to nine are working without a registration and receive a percentage of the transaction. This salary is black.

Another option might be: when you open a shell company, which immediately following black payout is closed, and the employer, it turns out, legally made the money transfer for payment.

What is the danger of informal wages?

There Are cases when, for example, the worker the documents are paid the minimum salary in Moscow, and the rest he agrees to accept the envelope.

salary wages

In this case he risks to lose a number of benefits, including:

- social and holiday pay;

- pension accrued in accordance with the official Pension Fund contributions;

- other payments, guaranteed by the labour legislation, the salary received officially.

And for employees who completely get the black salary, the risk will be even greater. Such a person can not rely on a whole range of benefits, among which sick leave, vacation pay, maternity and other. And if the employer for some reason decides to fire an employee, it may do so without payment of severance pay and wages for the period worked. Or just at any time cease to pay its employees money. For the employer, who has been practicing for the payment of salaries in envelopes, not scary, that in the event of a dispute, the staff will go to court. It's not just useless and sometimes even dangerous.

How open payments black salaries?

The tax Officers quite easily discovered the existence of the enterprise unrecorded workers. This requires counting the number of employees in the workplace, and then compare the result with the numbers of official staffing. It is clear that without payment will not work, so you can make conclusions about the presence of the fact of payment of black salaries. To confirm this document, it is enough to appear check with no warning and make the withdrawal at the enterprise of documentation and files managed by the accounting Department. The salary in this case is at a glance, so you can find out all the circumstances as fully as possible.

Provability in court

If you are paying salaries in black, it is a serious offence. In that case, if between employer and employee there are some differences, the latter believes that it is useless to appeal to court, as he will not be able to prove anything without an official document. However, even with such a scheme, the payment of wages is difficult to prove, but possible. As evidence can be used in the recording, ads in the newspaper from the employer, evidence of other employees and so on.

unpaid wages

Problems because of gray salaries

The main drawback of this method of settlement for a worker is that he will not receive the full amount of those payments which are guaranteed by the state, or even will remain without money, if for any reason the employer will cease the issuance of salaries. And no matter what was the average salary. An employee who receives a salary informally, shall be subject to criminal liability as a tax evader. This is especially true of significant amounts of non-payment.

For all these reasons, if you choose, white salary of much interest to you, either grey or black, think carefully about all the consequences of such decisions.


Article in other languages:

AR: https://tostpost.com/ar/finance/14400-white-salary-formal-and-informal-wages.html

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/f-nansy/25720-belaya-zarplata-af-cyynaya-neaf-cyynaya-zarplata.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/finanzen/25735-wei-er-gehalt-offizielle-und-inoffizielle-gehalt.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/finanzas/25752-blanco-de-salario-oficial-y-oficioso-de-salario.html

HI: https://tostpost.com/hi/finance/14419-white-salary-formal-and-informal-wages.html

JA: https://tostpost.com/ja/finance/14424-white-salary-formal-and-informal-wages.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/arzhy/25695-a-zhala-y-resmi-zh-ne-beyresmi-zarplata.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/finanse/25627-bia-a-wynagrodzenie-oficjalna-i-nieoficjalna-wynagrodzenie.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/finan-as/25634-branca-de-sal-rio-oficial-e-n-o-oficial-sal-rio.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/maliye/25698-beyaz-bir-maa-resmi-ve-gayri-resmi-maa.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/f-nansi/25678-b-la-zarplata-of-c-yna-ta-neof-c-yna-zarplata.html

ZH: https://tostpost.com/zh/finance/15075-white-salary-formal-and-informal-wages.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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