Fractures of the zygomatic bone with displacement

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2018-03-18 20:51:15

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Fractures of the zygomatic bone does not require special procedures for diagnosis. For professionals, a statement of such injuries is easy, because it is very easy to recognize.

zygomatic Fractures

What characterizes the damage?

Damage is characterized by the retraction of the zygomatic bone that forms the so-called “step” on the face of the victim. This type of deformation is usually localized in the infraorbital part.

Fractures of the zygomatic bone also makes it impossible to complete opening of the mouth, which is a clear evidence of the current injury. The patient cannot move the lower jaw. The tissue of the eye is covered with hemorrhages.

If you have received severe fractures of the zygomatic bone, then perhaps the emergence of nasal bleeding from the nostrils, being on the losing side.

Typically for greater reliability in the diagnosis use of x-ray equipment, giving the opportunity to take a picture showing the damage. Many surgeons claim to diagnose fracture of the cheekbone on a picture is extremely difficult. But it is not revealed fractures can lead to negative consequences, leading to pathological changes in the area of the skull.

What types of zygomatic fracture are there?

Usually, there are two type of injury: Fracture of the zygomatic bone with displacement and fracture zygomatic bone without displacement.

The Trauma associated with displacement, is characterized by damage to the maxillary sinuses. It is closed, open, linear or shrapnel.

If the date of injury was held to 10 days, then it is considered fresh, but if more than 10 days and above, it is an outdated fracture. If since the injury a month has passed, the bone is considered to be improperly fused or not fused.

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zygomatic Fracture with displacement

Symptoms of injury when the fracture with displacement

After a fracture of the zygomatic bone following symptoms:

  • Bleeding, swelling and the wound, masking the depression in Malar.
  • Swelling of the eyelids, which prevents the closing of the eyes.
  • Often bleeding from the nostrils, located on the side of the damaged cheekbone.
  • The Patient may find it difficult to open his mouth. He also can not discover the lower jaw.
  • That is quite Often blurred vision, diplopia, associated with displacement of the eyeball.
  • When ceasing the zygomatic bone of the patient noted a sharp pain on palpation.
  • Fractures of the zygomatic arch can be combined with fractures of the bones of the cheekbones. Thus the resulting angle of displacement of bone fragments, usually directed to the temporal fossa.

What is the main task of the experts?

The Main task of medical personnel during treatment of the injury is the restoration of the integrity of the bone. Fractures with displacement are eliminated through surgical intervention, since this requires the reduction of bone fragments and their fixation. Surgical intervention can occur in a patient's mouth and out of it.

Fractures without displacement are treated conservatively with drugs and the influence of physiotherapeutic procedures.

What complications can occur?

What complications can cause fracture of the zygomatic bone? Consequences of late presentation the victim medical attention can be the following:

  • Facial deformation, which can be persistent in nature;
  • Temporomandibular contracture;
  • Sinusitis of the upper jaw in the chronic form;
  • Maxillary osteomyelitis.

Temporomandibular contracture can cause displacement of the parts of the zygomatic bone towards the inside and back, which contributes to the pinching and development of adhesions in the soft tissues of the mandibular coronoid process.

Maxillary sinusitis in the chronic form and also post-traumatic osteomyelitis provoke bone fragments that are embedded in her sinus and gaps.

zygomatic Fracture consequences

Treatment of patients with trauma of the zygomatic bone

It eliminates the fracture of the zygomatic bone. Treatment can be conservative or surgical depending on the extent of damage.

When fresh damage (not more than 10 days from the date of injury) without displaced fragments possible to use conservative methods. Usually the observance of the peace. On the area of the broken cheekbone is placed a cold. These measures are carried out during the first two days after the incident.

On the zygomatic bone should exclude pressure. The mouth opening should be limited for two weeks.

Treatment for chronic fracture

When the old fracture (more than 10 days) with the element offset is shown only surgery. If repositioning of bone fragments in the jaw is contraindicated to open his mouth. With this defeat, the deformation, loss of sensitivity to pain in the area of damage infraorbital and zygomatic nerves, double vision.

Fractures of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic arch are removed in different methods.

Fractures of the zygomatic bone and the zygomatic arch

Method Lumbergh

This is the most frequently used method of treatment. Applies when the damage to the wall of the sinus is negligible. To reposition the bone hook is used with one tooth. The patient takes a horizontal position. He lies on his back.

Basic steps of treatment Lumbergh

  • The victim's Head lies on the healthy side.
  • Single-toothed hook is inserted through the skin into the region of the zygomatic bone has shifted, first in the horizontal direction and then moves at an acute angle with the edge of the inner surface.
  • Otlook reduce a movement opposite to the displacement. This procedure is conducted until then, until the bone will not snap.

The Way Keane

This method is applicable in the case where the zygomatic bone separated from the upper jaw and the frontal and temporal bones. First is the incision of the mucous membrane in the area of transitional fold of the upper jaw behind the alveolar ridge. Through the wound under the protruding bone doctor entered the Elevator. By movements upwards and outwards takes place displacement of the bone in the correct position.

Method of Vilija

It is an improvement over the previous method. Used to reposition the bones of the arch of the cheekbones. The incision is made on a transitional fold in the area of the first and second molars. Elevator Karapetyan introduced Paul bone cheekbones or arc that repoirts.

Method Dubova

This method is applicable if the damage, combined with the trauma of the walls of the sinus in the upper jaw. In this case, eliminates the fracture of the zygomatic bone? The operation involves the implementation of a cut on the upper arch of the mouth from the cutter located in the centre up to the second molar. Muco periosteal flap is peeled, exposing the side wall of the upper jaw and sinus. Reduce bone fragments. Including impacted and the bottom of the socket. Artificial anastomosis is superimposed with the lower course of the nose. Sinus is tightly closed by a tampon of gauze impregnated with iodoform. The end thereof is inserted through the nose. The wound near the mouth, stitched shut. The tampon is removed after 2 weeks.

zygomatic Fracture operation

Method of Kasagana-converse

This method is similar to the method of treating Dubov. But there are some differences. To hold the bone fragments in the correct position when plugging the sinuses, instead of gauze use a tube of soft rubber.

Method of Gillis, Kilner, Ston

The fracture of the zygomatic incision of 2 cm of his temple. The doctor steps back from the border of the hairline. In the wound entered the broad Elevator of Jillisa or bent forceps. The tool moves in a displaced bone. Support for the tool is a tight wad of gauze. Due to this manipulation it is possible to reposition the debris.

Method Dulanja

This method is reduction of bone cheekbones specially designed for this purpose forceps with cheeks and sharp teeth. Through the skin through this tool, you can grab a bone and cheekbones to deponirovanie her. Instead of these tongs, you can apply the “bullet forceps” or forceps Khodorovich-Barinova.

A Method of treating Malanchuk-Khadarovich

This method is used when the fractures are fresh and old-old. Hook one tooth is inserted under the zygomatic bone or arch, and with tomcom moves outwards through the lever. The lever rests on the cranial bones.

Osteosynthesis by means of a wire suture or polyamide filament

Fracture of the zygomatic bone, the severity of which is high, is treated by affixing a wire weld. This method is used in the field of cheekbones and forehead or the cheekbones and the upper jaw when the exposure slit change in these areas. For fixation of the bone fragments cheekbones apply a small plate of metal with small screws.

zygomatic Fracture severity

Method of Kazanian

This method of treatment applies if the reposition of fragments by means of one manipulation does not work, and they can not stay in the correct position. The incision is made in the area of the lower eyelid, resulting in exposed bone of the cheekbones,...


Article in other languages:

AR: https://tostpost.com/ar/health/10751-fractures-of-the-zygomatic-bone-with-displacement.html

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/zdaro-e/19291-peralomy-skulovoy-kostk-sa-zrushennem.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/gesundheit/19300-frakturen-des-jochbein-versatz.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/la-salud/19312-las-fracturas-de-skulovoy-con-el-desplazamiento-de-los-huesos.html

HI: https://tostpost.com/hi/health/10762-fractures-of-the-zygomatic-bone-with-displacement.html

JA: https://tostpost.com/ja/health/10763-fractures-of-the-zygomatic-bone-with-displacement.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/densauly/19289-syny-tar-a-aly-s-yek-aspau-a-ti-s.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/zdrowie/19249-z-amania-ko-ci-jarzmowej-z-przemieszczeniem.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/sa-de/19250-fraturas-skulovoy-ossos-com-o-deslocamento-do.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/sa-l-k/19297-k-r-k-elmac-k-kemi-i-ofset.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/zdorov-ya/19280-perelomi-vilichno-k-stki-z-zm-schennyam.html

ZH: https://tostpost.com/zh/health/11559-fractures-of-the-zygomatic-bone-with-displacement.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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