The essence of the UN reform

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2018-03-23 11:33:17

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With the ongoing consolidation and convergence, mankind has sought to create a supranational organization. For a long time it was only regional blocks but in the twentieth century there was a worldwide military and civilian organizations. First it was the League of Nations, and then – the United Nations, at the very least regulating global processes for several decades. However, the events of recent years show that a definite need for UN reform. It is about them today and we'll talk in our article.

Problems UN

All the current problems, which “stalled” the UN can be divided into two groups:

  • Unstable and uncertain situation of the organization in the world;
  • The administrative structure of the UN itself.

The Situation is complicated by the fact that the organization was created in the context of the ongoing war, when there was the formation of a bipolar world with two superpowers, and most of the world was in the position of the colonies.

UN reform

Since then it's been more than seven decades, and the UN never seriously reformed. Currently, it is possible to count, without hesitation, a dozen problems that make the organization completely ineffective. Given the position and authority of the UN in the world, this is simply unacceptable. The problems accumulated over the decades, but cautious politicians did not dare to carry out a major transformation, limited to a small reform, fearing to bring down the status quo. So it was, until an eccentric American President J. trump, who was not afraid to say about the necessary transformation. The essence of the UN reform American leader, decided to make radical changes in the organization?

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Modifications to the structure and provisions of the UN

The First decade since the UN was related to the events of the cold war and the rivalry of the superpowers for spheres of influence. Then it was, in fact, not until the reforms of the UN. Both sides wanted to use its influence in the organization solely for its own benefit and to support military allies.

Declaration on the reform of the UN

Of Course, in such circumstances, could not be the place for major reforms. among the rare reforms need to highlight the expansion of the number of members of the security Council from 11 to 15. This move was caused by the increase in the number of countries UN member States from 51 in 1945 to 113 in 1963 and the need to provide developing States the right to participate in the activities of the Security Council.

At the end of the confrontation, in the nineties of the last century has increased the number of implemented resolutions strengthened UN presence in the world. The Security Council is gradually acquiring the individual functions of a supranational government (the creation of intermittent administrations, the imposition of sanctions, etc.). So was the development of events until the fall of 2017. When the reform of the UN, the United States began to radically change the internal and external situation of the organization.

Speech trump

The American President for the first time appealed to the world on this issue at the UN in the fall of 2017, noting the importance of transforming the organization.

reform the UN

Trump has complained that the UN cannot work effectively due to improper administration and omnipotence of bureaucracy. He noted that since the beginning of the century, the financing UN has grown more than twice, but the performance of organizations remains low. The US President has proposed to convert the UN, supporting the Declaration of ten items at the next Assembly. The contents of the document until no one knew.

Further

Since that time, many events began to turn in the reform of the UN trump. His reforms touched too many people. It should be noted that trump once said about the shortcomings of the UN, indicating that the largest amount of its budget making in the USA. As he thought, incorrectly, that America spends each year on the activities of the UN ten billion dollars – money that exceeds the investment of the other members of the organization.

Declaration trump

A Common Declaration includes 10 points of UN reform. In it, the United States proposed to introduce reforms in the UN system to improve the activities in all spheres. It can be done, according to trump, by reducing the number of employees of the organization.10 points of UN reform

The U.S. Delegation wrote and sent to all missions of the States members of the United Nations this document prior to the first meetings in September 2017 were All familiar with the paragraphs in advance.

Finances

It Should be borne in mind that the trump project focused mainly on the financial sector of the world organization. The bulk of the items proposed Declaration to transform the UN to a certain extent linked with the monetary sector. For example, in the document there are arguments about the importance of strengthening the control of the division available to the UN money, increase transparency of expenditure of Finance, the reduction of duplication or excess the leading mandates of UN agencies. In the Declaration on the reform of the UN trump there is a clause stating that all countries in the organization, bear full responsibility for its own economic position.

U.S. Policy

An Active policy of trump led to the division of the world into supporters and opponents of his reforms.According to the President of the United States, 10 points of UN reform vary and are influenced by significant factors. First, States as a permanent member of the security Council does not want to lose their privileged positions and to vote. Secondly, the existing power of the United States in all spheres is so great that even without formal privileges they can control the leaders of a significant part of the second tier, and in this way to establish the necessary advantage in their own interests.

reform of the UN trump items

Third, in recent years, a trend of loss of U.S. dominant position in the world. Their economic, financial and political control over allies and satellites all smaller and smaller over the years. The leading positions are increasingly coming out of China. Followed by a number of regular large economies (including member States of the BRICS). In the future the obvious possibility of danger of the marginalization of a weakening superpower. These and other factors, it is highly controversial and different levels, makes the US position is ambiguous and wavering, fundamentally changing the essence of the UN reform. In General, in this matter there is no clarity.

Supporters of changes

Countries that signed the Declaration on the reform of the UN, immediately turned about 130.
a week later 142 countries from more than 190 agreed to endorse during the work of the UN this American paper on the transformation of the organization. They even made a statement addressed to UN Secretary-General Antonio Gutteres demanding the urgent implementation of the contents of the Declaration trump. This powerful, one might say, even demonstrative support of the US position is less likely suggests that they see themselves in the role of satellites that superpower. Just have accumulated too many States, dissatisfied with their position in the UN.

Which countries signed the Declaration on the reform of the UN? Relatively speaking, we can identify several groups of States that require changes to its provisions:

  • Economically and politically powerful countries that play a great role in the regional and global space, but has a disproportionately modest role in the UN (primarily Germany and Japan);
  • The countries that were in 1944 by the colonies or semi-colonies, but by the early twenty-first century is already playing a prohibitive role in the world (India, some countries of Latin America, etc.);
  • Finally, the General economic growth has allowed other countries to get close to others and if not to claim a special place for themselves, then for their representative.

the signatory countries to the UN reform

The United States has met the requirements of these countries in order to increase the number of its supporters and at the same time to reduce their financial burden.

Enemies

States that opposed the reforms of the UN or took a neutral position was significantly smaller. First of all, it is a global political opponents, who feared the loss of influence (Russia, China), “rogue States”, like North Korea, Venezuela, etc., the usual opponents of the foundations of the next reform. Because they were less than a third, it pre-defines the weakness of the position. On the other hand, among the opponents of the reforms three permanent members of the security Council (60%), and indeed, the fact that almost one third against the transformation of trump, talks about the need to make concessions while maintaining the basic position.

Although a number of sources had reported “affair” transformation. Whether our country is in the future a permanent member of this important body as the UN security Council, the owner of the right of veto in it? Earlier to deprive her of the situation was offered by many prominent politicians, especially active were representatives from Ukraine. After all, for the preservation of Russia's membership in the security Council no vote was conducted. But most likely, it will be used for subsequent reforms.

For the discussion of reforms

Of Course, a signatory to the UN reform and its opponents behave differently. Nevertheless, it has become increasingly clear that reforms are needed, and the United Nations (UN), in fact, lies in alien from ideal foundations and principles has come to change. Meanwhile, the well-regarded parties, including US, are making all sorts of suggestions. During the meetings and discussions on this issue are active discussion.

It is Obvious that in the process of discussion is not only bicrystalline positions, but also their convergence. Now Russia has agreed with the reforms, stopping only on the principles of transformations and their details. In turn, soften their stance USA. After all, all sensible politicians (McCain and Klimkin in their number is obviously not included) it is clear that transformations in the organization possible only on the basis of compromise.what is the essence of UN reform

So in our days, the key actors in international politics, exploring the situation, considering what position they are most profitable in the short (today) and long term (future) perspective and how deeply it is necessary to reform the UN.

Perspectives

Experts believe that in the course of these reforms, revealing Declaration on the reform of the UN, and the subsequent events will be implemented following principles of organization:

  1. Elimination of the privileged circle of the States-winners by results of the Second world war.
  2. Complete elimination of the veto (not to say that it is a positive step, but still).
  3. Equal rights for allmember States (based on the concept of “one nation – one voice” or at least the distribution of rights in proportion to the population or with some other specific factor, shows the real behind the representation of the group of people).
  4. Approval of major decisions by the UN General Assembly.
  5. Part of the regulations (about the use of armed force, economic and foreign policy sanctions, etc.) must be taken together (the voice of only one country “against” can be decisive).
  6. Activities on the above critical issues (use of force, sanctions, etc.) outside the organization should be prohibited, they must be analyzed as a gross distortion of the Charter and international law, and its active offenders are required themselves indispensable in order to be under sanctions.

Results

The Initiative trump the reforms was predictable. The organization is clearly becoming an anachronism in our dynamic time. Therefore, an objective base was built very solid. The questions were different: who is the author and what direction will he choose? Decided extravagant trump singled out the pace, path, and value transformations. Now just have to wait what will happen and how promising are innovations.


Article in other languages:

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/nav-ny-gramadstva/18371-sutnasc-reformy-aan.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/news-und-gesellschaft/18379-das-wesen-der-reform-der-vereinten-nationen.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/noticias-y-sociedad/18393-la-esencia-de-la-reforma-de-las-naciones-unidas.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/zha-aly-tar-o-am/18371-m-n-reforma-b.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/aktualno-ci-i-spo-ecze-stwo/18341-istot-reformy-onz.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/not-cias-e-sociedade/18342-a-ess-ncia-da-reforma-da-onu.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/haber-ve-toplum/18377-reformun-z-bm.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/novini-ta-susp-l-stvo/18366-sut-reformi-oon.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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