Tornadoes in the United States. The most famous tornadoes in the United States

USA – is a prosperous country. In which many would like to live or just to visit. However, as a blessing in disguise, so no perfect places to live. In America, often be natural disasters: regularly floods heavy rains often sweep over her strong tornadoes, and tornado. These natural phenomenon so strong that it can literally sweep a small town.

But perhaps most of all misfortunes brought by tornadoes in the United States. Every year they leave people without shelter, and deprived of life of hundreds of people.

Of Special interest is a natural phenomenon poses to thrill. There is hardly a person who has not heard about the tornado hunters. They explore it from the inside, know how to lead this force and what to expect from it.

The Birth of a tornado

This natural disaster appears when there are two atmospheric fronts-cold and warm. It is a very strong vortex. Appears tornadoes in the United States from the so-called parent cloud. This is a common dark cloud, which is full before the storm. It is because ordinary people are rarely able to anticipate trouble, because externally it looks the same as usual.

In this cloud forming a funnel, as the cold air tends to sink lower, as warm rises. A quick motion of the atmosphere in a spiral leads to the fact that the vortex can be lowered to the ground or remain hanging in the air.

As already noted, the tornadoes – atmospheric vortex of terrible destructive power, which is born on the border of warm and cold atmospheric fronts. Birth – a fairly accurate term because there is a natural disaster of “the parent cloud” – the storm clouds that at the first stage completely harmless and does not cause any suspicion among civilians.

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When a tornado reaches the ground, it starts “crawl” on it. Hurricane tornado moving chaotically to predict the trajectory of its path is impossible. This makes the vortex is particularly dangerous, since you never know what to do and where to go if the person is in an open area.

Time the violence of tornadoes in the United States is also difficult to predict – from a few seconds to hours.

The Man caught in the epicenter of the vortex, can not only die from falling from a great height, but from collisions with other items the hurricane sweeps in its path.

Tornado chasers

Not all people are caught off guard by the elements. Some scientists, thrill-seekers are deliberately looking to meet a destructive force to explore this natural monster, to understand his behavior and learn to tame the vortices. Some seek to get inside for the thrill and vivid impression, others want to make discoveries that will help to avoid further damage.

Such people are referred to as hunters for a tornado.

Murderous phenomenon chasing cars, equipped with many devices and video equipment. This hobby, though extremely dangerous, however, becomes every year more and more fans who are willing to risk your life for a priceless frames and measurements.

In search of danger

Most tornadoes in the world occur in the United States of America. There is even a term – Alley. It is located in these States: Texas, South Dakota, Kansas, Oklahoma, Missouri. This is a conditional line on which the probability of a deadly whirlwind is especially high, because here there are cold and warm atmospheric fronts. The greatest number of tornadoes has Texas.

Statistics show that along this line tornadoes in the United States occurs about a thousand times in one year. And although since the middle of last century all the tornadoes record carefully, to track the origin of each is almost impossible, because small objects are difficult to notice, and their occurrence is unpredictable.

The tornado Alley is located between the mountain ranges, the Appalachians and the Rocky mountains. This area is characterized by dry, frequent drought, and it is the meeting place of the hot air with wet.

Here is fixed and a kind of "Sabbath" vortices, when both broke out of 37 tornadoes. It happened in 1965. Then many settlements suffered greatly.

What is happening in the heart of the storm

The Pressure inside the funnel is very low, because the differential is formed between the center and outermost zones. The center is also called a zone of tranquility, or the eye.

This phenomenon was discovered by a journalist from France Melanom when he ventured to fly through the horror of a tornado to see what is going on inside this monster.

Later it was confirmed by witnesses of the disaster in one of the States. Whirlwind flew over their heads without touching the ground, because they can see it “inside”.

Pressure Drop leads to the fact that the objects that fall inside, just burst into pieces. The case when a tornado in America “plucking” chickens. Capturing birds, after a time, he freed them but left without feathers. This phenomenon is explained by the fact that at the base of the feathers is the airbag, which exploded and separated them from the skin of birds.

Views tornado

There are several types of vortices that depend on the location of the material (sand, water, air), intensity and even the shape.

The Most common receptable, or tow rope tornado. In a world of such tornadoes occur almost everywhere, where the collision of atmospheric fronts.

These objects are slender, straight or flexuous, “sprout” from the clouds to the earth.

A Little less likely to appear so-called vague instances. Large radius of coverage and similarity to a simple cloud that fell to the ground – main danger of such a tornado. This option can be easily confused with stormy low cloud, but the power of it is enough to destroy a house and raise the vehicle.

Most need to fear is composite. A couple of small vortices, which are United by a common funnel. In appearance they are similar to bičevidnym, however, pose a serious danger.

In the form of a tornado may resemble an hourglass, cascade, glass, etc.

Where to go in search of tornadoes

Win-Win place – plains States between the Appalachian and Rocky mountains. It is territory of modern States of Missouri, Illinois, Oklahoma, Kansas and the others in the bar. If the time is not much, you should immediately go to Texas, because there, owing to a geographical location, often rampant element.

A tornado in the US affect several States at once, so you can only imagine the destructive power of such a storm.

Do Not remain without attention of disasters and such States as Indiana and Florida. They rarely can meet the strong vortices, but they increasingly visit this place than other places in the world.

In any case, before to go in pursuit of this natural phenomenon, it is necessary to carefully prepare for the riot tornado. Photos should not cost lives.

Statistics

Victims of deadly tornadoes each year, hundreds of people. Among all the features of a hurricane, the greatest danger is the power and unpredictability of the funnel. There is no law but chaos, which it would be possible to predict the trajectory.

The Speed of a tornado is just staggering. Sometimes a wind vortex can overcome more than 400 kilometers per hour on the surface, in the heart – 20 meters per second and even up to 1300 kilometres per hour. Such a tornado can tear down the face of the earth is not only small houses, but the brick buildings of a decent size.

Walk away from the post tornado unrealistic. First, the speed of traffic on surface ranges from 30 km/h and up to 70. The diameter of the vortex may exceed 300 meters. Plus the unpredictability of the motion.

The Official research made it possible to create a rating scale destructive power of the vortex – An. According to her testimony, there are 5 degrees of intensity of the tornado.

Terrible tornadoes in the first half of the last century

Official records of occurrences of tornadoes, their power, territory movement started in America in 1950. Until then, however, also possible to detect data on the largest eddies.

The earliest documented mention of – about Setunskom tornadoes in the United States, which swept over the country, on 26 may 1917. Then, the disaster has claimed hundreds of lives.

Perhaps the most famous is the tornado that went through three States-Illinois, Indiana and Missouri. It was vague hurricane with a radius of over a mile. Then there was no more of An scale, but modern scientists are confident that the power of the storm can be assessed not less than F5, and is the highest degree of danger. Then the number of deaths reached nearly 700, and the number of survivors, but the affected person – circa 2000.

Legendary tornado the nineteenth century

In may 1840 Mississippi was shaken by a severe tornado that hit in Natchez. This is the first and only tornado where the number of deaths exceeded the number of victims.

This Explains the paradox of the unexpected and unprecedented force of the funnel. Moreover, official data do not present a reliable picture. The height of the trade in black slaves and their merciless exploitation led to the fact that labor simply is no longer considered.

Modern scientists estimate the force of a hurricane in 5 points.

The Loss brought by the tornado, at that time amounted to more than a million dollars. Amount for those times almost cosmic.

The Most expensive tornado

Another tragedy brought a tornado of 1986, which was crushing everything in St. Louis, Missouri. Then he took the lives of 255 people (that's just the official statistics). Count the exact number of victims is however not possible, because a body just washed away in the river. And only some of them were after discovered.

For help to the doctors then asked more than 1,000 people. Destroyed or partially damaged remained above 9,000 buildings.

The Total value of the loss based on the current rate – more than 3 billion dollars. About as much of the money needed for the reconstruction of Joplin in 2011 after a similar power of the tornado.

But even this monster is not the most powerful. His mark – F4.

Sudden tornado which prevented to play

As is known, the element does not suffer and is not considered a person.It once again confirmed a whirlwind 2012, which toured the United States during an Open tennis tournament. One of the most prestigious competitions of America was in jeopardy because of the raging tornado in new York. Witnesses said that the noise from the funnel resembled an approaching train. Fortunately, this vortex has not led to the death of people.

Parallel to the coast passed the surf competition, which also had to hastily interrupt.

Warning about the approach of tornadoes

Sites of intense tornadoes – the US and Australia. Hurricane season begins in June and ends in December. And the peak occurs from August to October. Funnel that arise in this area can reach a few kilometers, and this is enough to erase from the earth small town or village.

It is because to predict the occurrence of a tornado in this area – not just important, but vital.

It is Noteworthy that even at home on the line special riot elements are built by a special plan – each of them must have protivotumanki basement room, durable and resistant to the effects of fire and water to the inhabitants of the home can quickly and securely escape.

A well-established and the system reports the vortices. In such places there are special sirens that warn residents about their appearance. But to inform on the approach of danger, for today it is possible not earlier than in 15 minutes.

Chasing the unknown

Honor and praise the fearless, who have decided to try your luck and chased tornadoes. If you also want to repeat their feat, the first thing you need to know – it's not like loneliness, you must be at least one partner.

Check the technique hundreds of times. A camera, a car navigation system needs to work properly and to be as resistant to moisture and dust.

And take care of yourself – this is important. Because in the pursuit of good shots you can lose the most valuable - life. Tornadoes and tornado ruthless, do not expose yourself to unnecessary risk.