Lighting of the workplace is an important factor and working environment. For normal work and life of human a very important light, the sun's rays and light. Conversely, an insufficient level and poor quality of light (particularly in the work process that require voltage of view) are the cause of visual impairment among employees.
The Main characteristics of illumination provided by a correct operation and appropriate use of safe lighting, as well as rigid state supervision and control over the implementation of hygienic norms and regulations light.
Regulatory requirements of artificial lighting for businesses was first developed, agreed and approved by the Professor by Tikhodeev P. M. in 1928. Since the normative value of the illumination has been revised many times, with mostly increased requirements to the level of illumination in the workplace and in the conditions of work associated with a visual exercise.
To optimize the working conditions there are three types of lighting: artificial (artificial light sources and light), natural (sunlight) and combined (mixed) when insufficient levels of natural light complement the artificial light. High productivity and visual performance of staff are connected through the rational use of lighting during construction works.
The light (regardless of light source) must meet the following requirements:
the lighting in the workplace should be sufficient to provide comfortable working conditions and optimal brightness level for the operation of the analyzer of view;
- ensuring the safety during work;
- the uniformity of illumination in space and time should be such that objects that have different reflectivity, and brightness, can be perceived by the organ of vision.
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In accordance with hygiene standards for the visual works of all kinds and for the efficient use of electricity needs to be individualized and adjustable for certain parameters of the lighting source and the light. This is due to the fact that light enables the receipt and processing of nearly 90 percent of all information.
Lighting of the workplace should not be blinding to the eye, uniform and sufficient in any time of the day. The most optimum variant from the point of view of hygiene - when good illumination of the entire room combined with the intense lighting of the workplace. The fulfillment of these conditions contributes to the efficiency of the production process and prevents rapid eye fatigue.
The organization of the work place illumination should maximize the use of natural light. In the premises of permanent stay of personnel, the lamps for General lighting must be installed so that the light over the entire area evenly, or directly above each work space.
Today important feature and the main trend of the development of light sources is their perfection, reliability, security, efficiency, effectiveness and quality of light transmission. Of note is the prospect of the introduction of compact fluorescent lamps with adjustable light levels based on infrared sensors with remote light control.
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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
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