What are sayings? Latin sayings

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2019-03-01 15:00:34

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what is sayingsWhat is a phrase? This particular kind of phraseologism. So first, let's define the second, i.e. a broader concept. Characteristically, the phraseological unit is a stable combination of words, which is characteristic for a particular language. Thus, initially phraseological structures exist in a certain cultural and linguistic environment. What is typical for them? The words of which they consist, cannot be reordered - when this happens, you lose common sense. Also the General meaning of the idiom cannot be determined by analyzing the meaning of each word separately. After all, it is much deeper… it is the breath of wisdom.

Where are the sayings?

So what is “sayings”? What feature distinguishes them distinguishes them from the set of other idioms? The short answer literary source. Even if the sayings were generated as the saying of prominent personalities, still they brought us the script.

It's No secret that the level of culture of a society is determined by including the phenomenon of cultural memory. That's the kind of civilizational continuity can explain the fact that the extant Latin sayings. The Romans were practitioners, who preferred applied science. Their treatises on architecture, of agriculture, in contrast to the modern business literature, written over figurative language containing idioms. Thanks to the development of writing thousands of years of civilization come down to us full of wisdom sayings of emperors, philosophers, generals.

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Ancient Roman civilization that produced the actual idioms

the mirror and the monkey sayings

The periodization of the development of literary creativity in Rome is characterized by its origin in the III century BC and the phase of its greatest prosperity in the first century BC decorated with names of outstanding poets and philosophers - Ovid, Cicero, Virgil, Horace.

The Ancient was typical of often witty and imaginative thinking. In everyday life, obviously, Plutarch and Horace was boring, and moreover, quite fun people. They created literary images of colorful and original. Which is only made Herculean efforts and the result gave birth to a mouse mountain! Sayings of the Romans (the same mountain, and mouse) subsequently, not one with a humorous tone mentioned national poets and philosophers (e.g., Trediakovskii).

Are you dead Latin language?

After the collapse of the Western Roman Empire, which falls on the VI century ad, the Latin language, the lingua Franca of Ancient Rome, gradually becomes dead, i.e. it stop talking. However, until the late seventeenth century new European civilization, it remains in force a written language: it is alive and relevant for the elite of educated people - scientists, priests, diplomats. It is these persons, not only know that such sayings, but use them in their treatises that brought us the greatness enclosed in these ancient thoughts. Surely, dear readers, you do not once met in books, or in Russian translation voiced words once uttered the proud Romans. We will remind only some of them.

Latin sayings

Latin idioms in Europe

The Developed structure of the Latin language at the time became the basis for the further development of the languages Italian, French, Portuguese. However, its imagery and frazeologiceskij served as its contemporary application.

It still remains the official language of the specific Catholic Vatican state. In addition, the Latin language was and remains the language of European science. Sayings in Latin, was created in medieval Europe. Thomas Aquinas, Thomas more, françois Villon (the list goes on) was the successor of the creation of the Latin phraseology.

Latin idioms known in Russia

The language of science, introducing them to the Roman phraseology, created their works Russian scientists such as M. V. Lomonosov, N. I. Pirogov. In particular, Mikhail Vasilyevich has the honor of continuing, but in Russian, the tradition of Virgil, inherent in the poem "the Monument".

However, already in the nineteenth century, wrote A. S. Pushkin in the novel, “Eugene Onegin” becomes “Latin's not in fashion". After the October revolution the Latin language hitherto required to study in secondary school (remember the head «Latin exam” from “Youth” L. N. Thick) was removed. However, at the present time - era of mass culture - Latin sayings again in favor. They mention writers influential person include them in family coat of arms. In addition, today many educated people, if necessary, focus on a certain thought use them in writing. This work justified the brevity of the Latin text, depth of meaning inherent in this ancient tradition invariably make it attractive.

About Russian sayings

Remembering Russian sayings, contact a reliable fount – Golden Russian literature of the XIX century, enriched the world culture with the names of Pushkin, Lermontov, Griboedov, Krylov, Belinsky, Gogol,Turgenev, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky. The work of these classics is generous. True connoisseurs of literature memorized many sayings, which is filled with satirical novels, fables, comedies, and stories.

Consider, for example, Krylov's fable "the mirror and the monkey”. Sayings, as we have seen, is contained even in a small poetic piece that is easy to remember and the child.

mountain sayings

The Vitality and depth of thought the author distinguishes the above line fables “the mirror and the monkey”. Sayings these, no doubt, quite modern today. Indeed, before assessing the other person's behavior, you must learn to perceive their strengths and weaknesses.

It would be unfair, analyzing the creativity of the Golden age of literature, not to notice that the most generous literary sources of these aphoristic phrases, in addition to fable, are the works of Griboyedov - “Woe from wit" Fonvizin - “Minor”, works prutkov.

At the beginning of the XX century in catchphrase creation succeeded Vladimir Mayakovsky, the authors Ilf and Petrov, Mikhail Bulgakov. Introduce a few popular expressions that came to us from Russian literature:

become a winged expression

Characteristically, these phrases often comes in handy when various typical communicative circumstances, that is when you need unobtrusive to provide a summary of what is happening. In short, fans of the great Russian literature does not need long to explain what sayings.

Idioms generated by the Bible

Russian sayings

It would be unfair not to mention also a huge reservoir of resistant phraseological structures of biblical origin, which occupy a significant niche in modern communication and perception. They are figuratively, metaphorically contribute to the formation of higher moral and spiritual values of man. Even the current era is considered to be “Christ”.

Christian idioms are not only a lot of believers. Since ancient times, the culture of Orthodox Russia, fed them and everyday life. This did not prevent even decades to impose its so-called scientific atheism. Probably each of us, getting an education, not once heard from teachers, the biblical expression that has become a cruise: “Knowing how the Lord's prayer" (i.e., firmly, by heart). Agree that in everyday life it is not rare, many phraseological units of biblical origin. Examples can be: “lost sheep" of the “stumbling block”, “kiss of Judas".

Conclusion

become a winged expression

Historians and linguists argue that the authorship of the term “the phrase" belongs to the ancient Greek Homer. It was mentioned almost in the modern sense in the “Iliad” and “Odyssey”. However, does it mean that this phenomenon did not arise in earlier civilizations?

However, exploring the nature of this kind of phraseology, we see that they were provoked, and does provoke a certain cultural environment. They enrich spiritually. People who use catch phrases, actually appeals to the associative thinking of the interlocutors, their cultural potential.

Maybe so, finishing the article, we can conclude that the most frequently used popular expressions in daily communication indicates the level of its cultural development.


Article in other languages:

BE: https://tostpost.com/be/mastactva-zabavy/29669-shto-takoe-krylatyya-vyrazy-lac-nsk-ya-krylatyya-vyrazy.html

DE: https://tostpost.com/de/kunst-und-unterhaltung/29322-was-ist-die-geflgelten-ausdrcke-lateinische-gefl-gelte-ausdr-cke.html

ES: https://tostpost.com/es/arte-y-entretenimiento/29216-que-esta-alado-de-la-expresi-n-latinos-alado-de-la-expresi-n.html

KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/ner-zh-ne-oyyn-sauy/29995-b-l-anatty-b-ld-rgen-latyn-anatty-b-ld-ru.html

PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/sztuka-i-rozrywka/31037-co-to-skrzydlate-wyra-enia-aci-skie-wyra-enia-skrzydlate.html

PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/artes-e-entretenimento/30787-o-que-um-cruzeiro-de-express-o-latinas-as-express-es-populares.html

TR: https://tostpost.com/tr/sanat-ve-e-lence/27479-ne-kanatl-bir-ifade-latin-kanatl-bir-ifade.html

UK: https://tostpost.com/uk/mistectvo-ta-rozvagi/30233-scho-take-krilat-virazi-latins-k-krilat-vislovi.html






Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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