Types of ships: names with photos

Currently, the ship is called a ship of war. Tankers, bulk carriers, freighters, passenger liners, container ships, icebreakers and other technical Park, civil or commercial fleets in this category are not included. But once, at the dawn of navigation, when humanity was still filled with sailing directions for the white spaces obscure outlines of new Islands and even continents, any sailing ship was considered a ship. On Board each of them had a gun, and the team consisted of desperate fellows, ready to do anything for profit, and the romance of distant wanderings. Then, in these turbulent century, there was a division into types of ships. The list given of modern additions it would take too long, so you should focus on the sailboats. Well, maybe you can add some rowing boats.

Galery

To get to them – the share of unenviable. A punishment in ancient times was waiting for incorrigible criminals. In Ancient Egypt, and Pinkie, and in Hellas they were. Over time there were other types of ships, but the galley was used until the Middle ages. The main driving force was those convicts, but they sometimes had sails, straight or triangular, mounted on two or three masts. In modern terms the court, these were not large, their displacement was only 30-70 tons and length rarely exceed 30 meters, but in those days the size of the ships in General were not a giant. The oarsmen sat in rows, according to experts-historians, no more than three horizontal tiers. The armament of the galleys submitted by ballistae and battering rams nasal, in later centuries, these fighting funds were supplemented and artillery. Speed, i.e. moving speed, controlled by the supervisors, setting the rhythm special tambourines, and, if necessary, and a whip.

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Barki

The Types of sailing ships our contemporaries little known, but some of them still familiar in regularly held parades and international regattas. Russia saved Barki «Sedov» and “equipment”. These ships not only show the world its beauty, but also contribute to the education of young sailors, passing on their practice in the traditions of the Navy of the Russian.

So the bark (the species name is derived from the Flemish word “bark”) is a vessel with a number of masts from three to five. All its sails are straight, except for the oblique snap bisani (aft mast). Barki – the court is quite large, such as “equipment” has a length of about 115 meters, width 14 meters, a crew of 70 people. Since it was built in 1926, when steam engines were already widespread, in its structure is present and an auxiliary power plant with a capacity of nearly fifteen hundred kilowatts, loaded on two propellers with a constant pitch. The speed of the vessel and today does not seem small, sailing the course this Barca reaches 17 knots. The appointment type, in General, conventional merchant Navy of the nineteenth century – shipping mixed freight, mail and passengers along the sea lines.

Brigantine raises the sails

In fact, the same Barca, with two masts, called brigantines. All types of ships differ in their purpose and shipping qualities. Brigantine allocated by the rapidity and ease. Sailing rigging combined, in Foca (the front mast) sail straight and on the main slant. The favorite vessel of pirates of all seas. In the historical sources mention the Brigantine with the so-called “Bermuda grotto”, that is, a triangular sail stretched between Lightroom front foot, but none of the surviving members of the species cannot boast of. However, these details are interesting only to specialists.

Frigate

With the development of the fleet some types of warships appeared, others disappeared and still others have acquired a different meaning. An example is the frigate. This concept survived in later types, such as battleships, dreadnoughts, and even battleships. Though modern frigate roughly corresponds to the notion of Soviet large anti-submarine ship, but it sounds shorter and somehow more beautiful. In the original sense it means a three-masted ship with one gun deck for 20-30 guns. The word "frigate" since the XVII century for a long time added the adjective "Dunkirk" means pre-emptive use of a separate area of the Maritime theater of military operations adjacent to Pas-de-Calais. This type was distinguished by rapidity. Then, with increasing radius of the autonomy, they were called just frigates. Displacement – the average for that time, around 800-1000 so the Most famous Russian frigate was called the “company” on it in 1855 was made a glorious expedition to the shores of Eastern Asia under the command of Admiral E. V. putiatin.

Caravel

“She was like a Caravel…” - is sung in a famous pop song. Harmless to study the types of sailing ships, before writing lyrics to future hits. The compliment was somewhat backhanded. Not every girl wants to be compared with lifting, large anda fairly heavy boat. Besides caravels nose is raised very high, what also could spot a undesirable hint.

However, mostly this type, of course, a good nautical properties. He is known for more than just the fact that Columbus made his expedition to the shores of the New world that is three caravels ("Santa Maria”, “Pint” and “Nina”). Externally they can be distinguished on the said raised pots (nasal add-ins), as well as for sailing equipment. Three masts, foresail straight, and the rest – from the Latin (oblique) sails.

Purpose – the distant sea and transoceanic trips.

From the word "Caravel" occurs morphologically Russian word “ship”. It also gave its name to the famous French passenger airliner, very beautiful.

Clippers

For quick navigation create all kinds of vehicles. The ships are not always remembered, but there are exceptions. Tell someone the word “cruiser”, and then everyone around you will think something - some “Aurora”, and other “Varyag”. About the clippers is only one option – “Cutty Sark". This boat with long and narrow hull made history for several reasons, but the main and most important quality is speed. To deliver tea from China, to quickly bring the mail to distant colonies and to carry out particularly delicate orders of the Queen was given the clippers and their teams. And doing their job these vessels until the advent of steamships, and in some cases later.

Galleons

Fingering the ancient types of warships, it is impossible not to recall the great Armada, competing with the British Navy in the sixteenth century. The main unit of this formidable force was the Spanish Galleon. To compare in perfection with him could not, no sailing ship of the time. Essentially it is an improved Caravel, with reduced superstructure of the tank (the “cocked nose" has almost disappeared) and the elongated body. The result is the old Spanish shipbuilders have improved stability, reduced resistance to waves and, consequently, increase the speed. Maneuverability has also improved. Other types of warships of the sixteenth century looked next to the Galleon short and too high (it was a flaw in the goal easier to hit). The outlines of Utah (aft superstructure) has acquired a rectangular shape, and the conditions of the crew became more comfortable. It is on the Galleons appeared first latrines (toilets), hence the origin of this word.

Displacement of these “battleships of the XVI century” ranged from 500 to 2 thousand tons. They finally were very nice, they were decorated with intricate carvings, and his nose was crowned by a magnificent sculpture.

Schooner

There are types of large ships, which became “workhorses” intended for transportation of various cargoes. Among them special place is occupied by the schooner. This court mnogomachtovy, characterized in that at least two of them oblique snap-ins. They are Marcellin, taxline, Bermuda or hotelname, depending on what mast is provided with slanting sails. It should be noted that the distinction between Broseley Marcellin or two-masted schooner and a Brigantine is very conditional. This type is known from the XVII century. Greatest extent it reached in trade by the American Navy, in particular Wolf Larsen, a character of Jack London, with his team hunts for seals on the boat. Compared to her other types of vehicles are driven harder (If you believe John. London this process is available even lonely sailor). Most of the schooners were two - and three-masted, but there are cases when a snap was much larger. A peculiar record was set in 1902 when the water pulled the ship with seven masts (“Thomas W. Lawson”, shipyard, Quincy).

Other ships

Photos of sailing ships arriving in the international regatta around the world, published in Newspapers, magazines and on websites. A parade – always a great event, the beauty of these ships is incomparable. The barge, brigantines, corvettes, frigates, clippers, CACI, yachts represent all types of ships, preserved, fortunately, to the present day. It's a sight distraction and takes the viewer into the past century, full of adventure and the romance of distant wanderings. A real sailor needs to master the art of sailing, so consider in many countries and we have including. Climbing up the rigging, unfurling sails and breathing in the wild wind of the sea, to take their places in modern cockpits bulk carriers, tankers balcerowski and cruise ships. This sailor can be safely trusted with the fate of the cargo and the lives of passengers, he will not fail.