Generator "Kalina": disassembly, diagram, device and description

On cars "Kalina" is a three-phase generator, produces an alternating current. Go into too much theory is not necessary, the ordinary motorist, it is sufficient to know only how to independently perform diagnostics and repair the installation. This refers to the direct mounting of the generator and voltage regulator. The fact that the output power winding voltage jumps in the range of 10-30 VDC and to supply the entire on-Board network need 12 V. the First step is to rectify the voltage, and then stabilize it.

The Principle of operation of the generator

To represent visually the work of installation, use the connection diagram of the generator. The second component installation – this is the voltage regulator included in the supply circuit of the rotor windings. In the dashboard there is bulb charging control, which:

1. Lights up when the ignition is on and the presence of breakage in the generating set.
2. Not lit in normal operation and when charging the proper level.

To power this lamp uses a relay with normally closed contacts. Therefore, when the ignition is switched on it lights up. Then, as soon as start the engine, begins to produce voltage generator. The relay coil included in the power circuit of the rotor, when the voltage is changed to contacts – they open and the lamp goes out.

Major components of the generator

In General, the generator – a Converter which creates mechanical energy from electrical. On all cars the design and principle of operation of these devices is similar. The design consists of these components:

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1. Stator's Winding, it uses a thick copper wire, as produced by the voltage it is using.
2. Armature-excitation. It is the appearance of current in the stator winding. To have some potential difference in the frame, it needs two things – rotation and magnetic fields. Due to the alternator belt on "Kalina" the rotor spins. It was his winding performs these two conditions – around it creates a magnetic field and it rotates on its axis.
3. Rotor mounted slip rings, to which is supplied a voltage by the brush unit.
4. A Pulley, mounted on the rotor, allows to transmit the rotation from the crankshaft through a belt of the generator to the "Kalina".
5. The voltage Regulator is mechanical or electronic type changes the voltage on the rotor winding. Due to this, the oscillator produces a stable voltage.
6. The Unit semiconductors (valves), referred to earlier, needed to convert three-phase AC voltage to DC unipolar.
7. Cover with bearings are designed to center the rotor and normal operation.
8. Capacitor to get rid of the remnants of the alternating current after rectification.

Signs of a broken generator

To carry out a diagnostic operation to remove it is optional. Here are some of the typical symptoms of damage:

1. The Presence of hum and whistling from the generator says that the destroyed bearings. If you run, the rotor can jam and break the belt.
2. Whistle, intermittent ignition the control lamp charging – worn out alternator belt on "Lada Kalina", or he has a weak tension. If the light is constantly, it is possible to open.
3. If the lamp is charging, it means that the generator output voltage. The reason may lie in the windings, voltage regulator, slip rings, diodes, transaction.

Troubleshooting should start from the simple to the more complex. It is possible that the cause of generator failure – an open one wire. But it is possible that an open rotor winding or the stator. When repairing a wiring diagram of the generator must be at hand.

Actions with the disappearance of charge

Generator "Kalina" air-conditioned has a lot of power rather than on cars without climate system. Design and fault are the same. What to do if there is no charging? Do not panic and immediately check:

1. The voltage Regulator. The easiest and most expensive way-is to replace it with a known good. But you can apply voltage of 12 V and 15 V to verify that it works. Regardless of whether mechanical or electrical type regulator, it will behave the same way. In the first case, the voltage applied to the excitation winding will be carried out in the second – not.
2. Slip rings and brushes of the generator. You can use a simple test lamp to check contacts. Length of brushes must be greater than 5 mm, otherwise should be replaced.
3. Integrity of the field winding can be checked with the tester. And remove the generator does not need to crawl to the slip rings and check the resistance between them. Please note that they should not be close to ground.
4. The Condition of the stator winding and the diode bridge can be estimated only after dismantling the generator.

How is the dismantling of the generator

Now you need to tell me how to remove the alternator. For this are as follows:

1. Disconnect battery.
2. Disconnect all the wires going to the generator.
3. Pre-threaded connections treated with a penetrating grease type WD-40.
4. Unscrew the nut from the upper mounting of the generator. Bracket also be removed.
5. Unscrew the nut from the lower bolt. Keep from turning the bolt head.
6. Removed from the roller alternator belt "Kalina". With air conditioning and Gur no manipulation is not necessary.
7. Remove the generator from the seat.

Disassembly

To disassemble the generator, it is necessary to carry out some simple manipulations:

1. Remove the pulley. Try not to lose the key.
2. Remove the nuts from the rear cover, which brought all parts of the structure.
3. Remove the voltage regulator. At the same time, rate the state of the brush node.
4. We can reconnect all the parts of the generator.

You can then proceed to repair.

Often damaged bearings, especially one that is located in the front cover. The reason for this is excessive belt tension. To replace you need to Unscrew four screws and remove the bearing from the seat. Instead, install a new bearing. To increase reliability, replace both of the roller.

Installation and the repair features

Installation is in the reverse order. If necessary, a replacement generator or its repairs. In some cases, the repair would be impractical, as there are many useless nodes, including stator and rotor windings. Restoration would be costly, much easier will be to conduct a complete replacement of the generator on the "Kalina". The cost of the new generator in stores 4-5 thousand rubles. The "disassembly" can be purchased at 2-3% cheaper.