Amphibious vehicle VAZ-2122. VAZ-2122: specifications, photos

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2019-12-31 05:20:18

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The Story of such wonderful models as VAZ 2122, you should start with the fact that it deserves special attention. In the era of the developing of the automotive industry of the USSR was created many fun projects that boggle the imagination. A large number of experimental samples with unimaginable characteristics and performance gave hope for great success. The monitored instance – not the exception. Cars-amphibians was paid a lot of attention. And the car VAZ-2122 (photo submitted in our article) was designed to overcome all sorts of land and water obstacles.

“the Russian car industry – senseless and merciless»

It is a phrase very often heard from the lips of motorists, but also those who are not accustomed with driving vehicles. Most of these sayings is connected with the creations of AVTOVAZ. Logical “why?” there are many different versions of answers.

Someone doesn't like the look of someone – necessary or unnecessary functionality. Many complain of little reliability, and contemporary culture ‘BPAN" of the Loud Sound and the like generally cause a storm of emotions, sometimes positive, and often highly negative. How many people – so many opinions. But do not forget that it is not always the Volga car Factory was so dull and typical, and the cars built here in different periods of time and continue to fascinate to this day.

How it all began

With the opening of the Volga Automobile plant in the military, there was a great interest to create an army of all-terrain vehicles, for use in extreme conditions. Initially, the idea of developing a model 2122 Vase was not supported by the plant management.

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The First movement in the direction of planning such instance was launched in late 1970. Then designers and designers was commissioned to investigate the market prospects of army vehicles and jeeps, as well as the results of the application of the latter in the course of military conflicts in the middle East and Vietnam. From all available models was selected as the International Scout, Ford M151, as well as domestic UAZ, not only mass, but also promising.

Early developments

Experimental amphibious all-terrain vehicle VAZ-2122 “River” was originally developed on the initiative of the plant, and the project was managed by Peter Prusov. The main plan was to create a utilitarian army jeep. Despite this, the military soon made a query in which was indicated the possibility of crossing water obstacles not only on wheels, but afloat.

In early 1971, Yuri Danilov presented the first detailed drawing of amphibious vehicle. When in 1972 the post of designer of the project was appointed A. Eremeev, he began to engage in the construction of a full-scale layout. Was submitted to the arts Council in 1974 and was immediately approved. Externally, the first VAZ-2122, a photo of which you can see in the article, gave no his aquatic nature. The fact that the car looked like a completely ordinary SUV, not able to maneuver on the water.

The similarities with the VAZ-2121 “field”

As the model 2122 was built on the basis of the notorious «the Fields" of the external differences from its ancestor amphibians were not so serious. Of course, a little increased size due to the special shape of the body. But the technical filling remained unchanged – all the same engine with a volume of 1.58 of litrai gearbox with slightly longer gear ratios of a pair, which was equal to 4,78.

VAZ 2122

Needless to say, the body was slightly modernized that was noticeable mainly from the lower part of the car. To protect against the ingress of unwanted moisture to the important nodes, chassis, transmission and motor, as well as for smoother ride on the water, the bottom of the model 2122 Vase made flat and completely sealed. Of course, this has not gone unnoticed to some of the problems associated with overheating of the units.

Э2122 – the first samples

So, in 1976 was made the first two prototypes. After all necessary preparations, they began their field trials. The first thing that was surprising - cross. Even after increasing the dimensions and weight overall, the car calmly overcome any obstacles at ground level jeeps such as, for example, UAZ.

VAZ 2122 floating

Water obstacles were no obstacle, which could not fail to please. VAZ-2122 (cross-country vehicle-amphibian the first series) was quite successful, except for one. Due to the closed bottoms began to show deficiencies in the cooling of engine and transmission assemblies. As a result – overheating and sudden failure. Brewing, new developments, and soon the world saw the second series of the device.

2Э2122 – mistakes

1978 showed the results of careful work on the project. It was again released two prototypes of which are outwardly virtually unchanged. The main feature of the rear view mirror, borrowed from KAMAZ. Beginning in 1979, the testing, unfortunately, showed that the problem of overheating of the aggregates remained at the same level.

VAZ 2122 photo

In addition, the transmission model 2122 Vase could not withstand the loads that were created for her by the military. The main reason for the failures lay in the change of correlationa pair of gear-wheel. As a result – the project went into a deep dead end.

To prevent malfunctions, a necessary step was a detailed processing of the transmission, that could mean the difference to the course of unification with “Field”. It took a great cost, and would facilitate the entire structure to reduce load on the main components and assemblies. These changes significantly differed with the requirement of the customers. But on August 27, 1981, that such a development was approved to further bring the project to life.

3Э2122 – global reconstruction

Before the release of the third sample was conducted of global changes, due to which the car VAZ-2122 received the right to future development. The alterations were designed to increase the stability of the whole structure of the vehicle amphibious. In 1982 came the first prototypes, which were smaller than the previous one in size.

an experimental all-terrain vehicle amphibian VAZ 2122 reka

The Rear overhang is reduced by 100mm. In fact, the dimensions become comparable with the VAZ-2121 “field”, and the tires installed from the “immortal symbol of the Russian automotive industry”. The main couple also changed, giving it a gear ratio equal to 4.44. In addition, the customer has agreed reduction payloads up to 360 kg, 400 kg, and the total volume of fuel tanks was reduced to 80 liters instead of the previous 120. Effective was the reduction of the thickness and height of the metal from which was made the bumper.

3Э2122: test results

The Third modification was really more successful. Agreed with the customer a replacement engine less powerful (VAZ-21011), with a volume of 1.3 liters, allowed to achieve greater reliability of the unit. Front gear was placed outside of the main body, which was still as leakproof as possible. And thanks to the increase of the heat sink and add a second fan increased cooling of the transfer case.

VAZ 2122

All of these innovations helped to cope with the previous drawbacks, and on the test car VAZ-2122, specifications which at that time surpassed all expectations, proved to be excellent.

The permeability of the land and water had not deteriorated, despite the reduction of engine capacity and smaller diameter wheels. The full programme of tests was carried out on the territory of deserts in Turkmenistan and passes in the Pamirs. And all this Rover has stood perfectly well.

400 Series - the fourth stage of development

In 1983, on the basis of the third generation series 2122 was created three samples with their assigned numbers PT-401, 402 and 403, respectively. They were prepared especially for the tests at the state level.

For More than six months, all sorts of checks samples passed the distance equal to 30,000 km, being afloat more than 50 hours. After the state Commission concluded that the car VAZ-2122 (floating “field”) is tested against the basic requirements, but also satisfies the requirements of government and industry standards, TTZ and other research.

VAZ 2122 specifications

In addition, the present phrase, according to which the jeep was recommended for serial production and adoption. It was necessary to fix only the lack of reliability of the brakes in the conditions of the mountains, as at relatively high altitudes (4,000 m above sea level or more) the brake fluid was boiling due to low pressure.

500-Series and 600 - small innovations

1985 saw the publication of the 5th generation of samples for testing. Were taken into account all the comments on the 4-series, and saw the light of another 10 copies of the VAZ-2122 specifications became possible to implement in all weather and environmental conditions.

According to unconfirmed reports, 5 (or 6) of these cars was in service with various military units and was operated for the army. The other 4 cars left the factory for their own tests.

VAZ 2122 ATV amphibian

In the end, the only positive feedback the military, coupled with the great interest of hunters and fishermen to this miracle of engineering technology gives hope for a mass production model. The full testing program has prompted a state Commission again recommend the all-terrain vehicle amphibious for mass production in 1986. And 1987 saw the publication of three copies of the sixth series, which was implemented some innovations from the engineers at the plant.

Car Ghost

Despite the large success of the model and only positive feedback, in General, planned small-scale production has not begun. The fact that at the end of the field test 6-series, the military eliminated the need for floating the vehicle of the company commander, and is required to start production of 6 million rubles were too heavy to lift amount for the state and AVTOVAZ.

The Project was closed, and the car turned into a Ghost. However, the last samples still exist, but are in various museums. VAZ-2122, a photo of which now – some of the last reminders of him, was never carried out the dream of many enthusiastic fans.

In the hands of the modern owner

One of the samples 6-series, after the project turned, was in the hands of one of the leadersthe creation and production of “River”. Thanks to the experience gained over years of development, Valery Domanskiy restored VAZ-2122 "Floating field”.

The Description of this instance can occupy many printed pages. However, all of this is only to highlight the moment when the amphibian belonged to Valery (now in the Museum of technology of JSC «AVTOVAZ”). Before handing over the car show, it managed to drive journalists from a “Autoreview”, who came to the incredible enthusiasm from the build quality and performance of the unit. From the overview you can see that on land the car behaves like an ordinary “field”, but when the VAZ-2122 begins its “swimming”, he has no equal. Amphibious all-terrain vehicle perfectly overcomes not only the reservoirs with standing water, but the flow of rivers. Getting the same ‘dry water" of the land continues without any difficulty. In short, not a car – a dream!

A Bit of sad

Unfortunately, this part of the industry can not be regarded from the point of view of consumer niches. Closed at the stage of implementation in production, the machine was a great prospect and hope of many avid fans of hunting and fishing. Despite the relatively small capacity but good permeability for any type of soil and the surface of the water, “River” was not destined to end up in the hands of true fans.

It is Worth noting that the period for which it was planned serial production of amphibians, it has become quite difficult in the history of the countries of the Soviet Union. Perhaps this is why such large-scale development has sunk into Oblivion. In the modern world the need for them has disappeared, and were replaced by hovercraft and other innovations in the automotive industry. As a result – one of the most promising and unusual projects all of the domestic automobile industry was unwilling to final feat of engineering.


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BE: https://tostpost.com/be/a-tamab-l/38121-a-tamab-l--amf-b-ya-vaz-2122-vaz-2122-tehn-chnyya-haraktarystyk-fota.html

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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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