Split pinion gear: what is it, installation and adjustment

The car has many interesting details which are known only to the mechanics or people that are very passionate about technology. One of these items – a split gear. This element also know the fans of tuning. Let's find out what this item is and why it is needed.

Phase Shifters and their function

Most of the new engines are equipped with phase shifters, which enable to adjust the operation of the power unit on the basis of the number of revolutions of the crankshaft. This is necessary in order to obtain maximum torque in the higher rpm range.

If you take any manual car, then it will contain characteristics such as engine power in horsepower and the maximum torque that the motor is capable of producing under certain revolutions of the crankshaft per minute.

Here's take, for example, common model «Renault Logan». The engine is capable of delivering at 6 thousand revolutions of the crankshaft 170 horsepower. Maximum torque is 270 Nm at 3250 rpm. From these figures it is seen that the maximum torque can be achieved already at moderate rpm. But the greatest power becomes available only after 6,000 rpm If the motor is equipped with a system of phase shifters, it will have a wider range at which the engine will give the highest torque and not one that is built into the design by the manufacturer.

The Split camshaft gear performs roughly the same function as the phase shifter. This part has a similar design as the camshaft. It can be rotated to certain angles forward or backward.

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Function split gear

The Usual gear mounted on the camshaft designed for torque transmission from the crankshaft to the camshaft timing. The part is a solid element without any moving parts. Split gear consists of two components – they can move relative to each other. This design allows you to change the angles of the camshaft, without affecting the force of the tension of the timing belt or drive chain.

For example, this part on the engine VAZ can turn the shaft for 5° in one or the other side. Here it is necessary to understand what to change in this way can the engine only in specific modes – in the upper or in the lower ranges.

Very often to increase the power and other characteristics of the engine change camshaft and its gearwheel. If you replace them, you can set the timing. It will also be able to change the angles of lag of the valves. If the engine is factory set split gear without replacing the camshaft, then you can change only the corners overlap.

How it works?

For example, the torque will change from 4000 rpm to the lower side, for example, to 3000. This effect is achieved by rotating the camshaft in the direction of the crankshaft. While the timing of the exhibit, so that was a little ahead. This affects the decrease in the angle of closing of the intake valves.

But we must remember that if the engine will spin up to maximum revs, the cylinders will not have such a dense filling. It's not the best way affect the speed and power output.

Design

The Split gear represents two elements – ring gear and hub. They are connected using bolts. The hole for this is made so that the hub could crank out in relation to the crown. On the camshaft wheel hub fastened by means of pins. This fixation allows rotation of the hub together with the camshaft.

Main reasons for mounting the split gear

The tuning Specialists engines there are two reasons why many people install this item. It is worth considering that sports camshaft will do nothing if not further split will be set camshaft gear (VAZ won't go any faster). While doing Assembly work at the plant, the manufacturer often deviates from the data specified in the drawings. Therefore, the parameters of motors designed for one car model, different from the original. These errors amount to no more than ten degrees in each direction. Naturally, this affects the power characteristics of motors. Installing a split gear, the car owner gets the opportunity to need to configure and optimize torque.

The Installation of tuned camshafts can significantly increase torque of the power unit. Split gear VAZ – a further +5% to power characteristics. It's pretty good.

Tuning

Today in the automotive market there is gear designed for almost any vehicles from AVTOVAZ. Each model has its own method of tuning. Consider the principle of adjustment by the example of VAZ-2108-2112.

VAZ-2108-21099

So,the first thing on the cog mark the points on the moving and fixed parts. They are needed to perform correct installation – all operations are the same as in the case with the standard detail. Further, after the printed dots, is put in place of the split gear. Installing it is no different from the standard. You can then put on the newly installed belt detail.

It is Important to check several times that the marks coincide. For optimum performance it is necessary to control the degree of opening of the valves. This figure is strictly defined and specified at the design stage of a specific camshaft. If the valves open at the greater of the nominal data value, then loosen the bolts on the gear, which are located outside. Then do a distribution element to the outer half of the split so that the setting can easily be adjusted.

When will be able to correctly set the zero position of the camshaft, it is necessary to perform some fine tuning phases. If the upper shaft turns in the direction of rotation of the lower (crankshaft), thus increasing traction. Torque will be available in mid and low ranges. If the split camshaft gear (VAZ-2108 or other model cars, not so important) and the shaft will be rotated in a direction opposite to the rotation of the crankshaft, the power grows.

In this correction procedure, it is important not to go from the initial point more than half of the tooth on the pulley. If regulating gear for carburetors, after each manipulation with the shaft you want the angle correction of the ignition. Otherwise, there will be interruptions in the operation of the system.

The 16-valve engines VAZ-2110-2112

If the adjustment of the split gear is done to these motors, that along with it is also recommended to install modified camshafts. You should pay attention to the mark made on the factory. Them approximately adjust closing/opening of the valve. Then to top dead center the piston down on the first and second cylinders. Also on the gear, gently put on the belt.

Next, you must install the indicators. They will help determine how you will move the valves. Need to find a situation in which the mechanisms of the fourth cylinder will be fully closed. Next, using the gear indicator and set up the closing. You can then retighten the bolts to assemble the power unit and execute the tests.

Classic Mercedes

A classic: the engine gear is set at a standard factory marks. Next, set closing valves. The first and fourth pistons put in VMT. The legs of the led should rest on the rocker.

In turn sets the point when the valves are closed on the first cylinder. After that exposed the precise position of TDC tuning the gear. Do not forget about the gear ratios on the rockers and the point where the indicator is set. Further, the gear fix, collect and start the engine.

Conclusion

Thus, with a single gear it is possible to significantly improve the original settings of VAZ engines. This is a pretty popular tuning domestic engines.