Diet for type 2 diabetes: sample menus, permitted and prohibited products

Around the world with diabetes is sick more than 400 million people. When this pathology is disturbed production of insulin by the pancreas or its absorption by cells. Because of this, the content of glucose in the blood is greatly increased, which leads to serious consequences for human health. Now the most common type 2 diabetes, in which insulin is secreted in normal quantities, but is not perceived by the cells, so glucose is still not processed and remains in the blood. The main cause of this condition is obesity and poor diet with lots of carbohydrates. Therefore, the diet for type 2 diabetes is the main treatment. In the initial stages of the disease only, without the use of drugs to normalize the amount of glucose.

Diseases

One of the main functions of the pancreas is to produce insulin and glucagon. These hormones are essential for the normal course of carbohydrate metabolism and assimilation of glucose by cells. When there is insufficient amount of developing insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, which is treated only by insulin injections. But it often happens that this hormone is produced in normal amount, but the level of blood glucose is still high. This happens when the cells are insensitive to it. While talking about the development of diabetes mellitus type 2. Diet and treatment are inextricably linked, since the reason for the resistance of cells to insulin often becomes a violation of carbohydrate metabolism due to malnutrition.

Therefore, this type of diabetes is most common in middle-aged or older, overweight, metabolic disorders, atherosclerosis. A leading role in its development also plays a genetic predisposition. According to statistics, every 10 people over 50 years old have diabetes type 2. Diet and treatment while assigned to a technician, will help keep glucose levels in normal and lead a normal life. But if you don't pay attention to it and not to implement the recommendations of the doctor, will develop a variety of complications.

Tasks diet

The Majority of patients with type 2 diabetes are overweight, they have a slow metabolism. Often it is because of this impaired insulin resistance and glucose is not absorbed by the tissues. Therefore, there is a increased level in the blood. Violation of metabolic processes leads to the fact that to lose weight such patients is very difficult. But it must be done in order to improve the sensitivity of tissues to insulin. That is why the diet in type 2 diabetes.

At the initial stage of treatment, the diet should promote weight loss. For this are used products with low fat and greatly reduced the amount of fast carbs. That such requirements subject to the most common in this case diet number 9. Diabetes type 2 diabetes at the initial stage can be compensated without drugs. Proper nutrition will help to prevent sugar level fluctuations. But it is so necessary to eat constantly without breaking the basic rules of the diet. No medicine can help keep blood sugar normal without proper nutrition.

The Task of diet in diabetes type 2 diabetes should be:

• Weight loss;
• Body fat reduction;
• Reduction of cholesterol level;
• Maintaining blood pressure at normal;
• Prevention of complications of the disease;
• Maintaining normal glucose levels;
• Improvement in General condition.

Nutrition guidelines

To keep your glucose level under control and prevent weight gain, patients must follow certain rules:

• First of all, always comply with all recommendations of the attending physician to pick up diet food in accordance with individual characteristics;
• Diet is necessary to observe continually, without relief;
• Preferably in small portions, but more often, it is impossible to prevent the emergence of hunger;
• Try to consume less fat, which decrease the absorption of carbohydrates;
• When choosing products for daily use must take into account their glycemic index.
• Prohibited products need to be completely excluded from the diet;
• In the menu, you must choose different foods to the diet was balanced and varied;
• Always try to aim to drink more pure water, at least 1.5 L.

Diet for diabetes type 2 involves the special methods of cooking. Valid boiling, steaming, stewing or baking. Frying is not recommended, especially in a large amount of oil. This method of cooking is putting a strain on the pancreas and further violates its functions. Sometimes permissible to cook on the grill or in a pan with non-stick coating, adding a minimal amount of oil. In addition, when cooking do not want to add store-bought sauces, mayonnaise or spices. You need to use salt. Acceptable to improve the taste of greens, garlic, pepper, lemon juice.

Diet

Now, several variants of the diet for diabetics. But they all have the same principles and do not differ much. The problem is that it is simple to eliminate from the diet of banned and harmful products is not enough. Need to the food was varied, tasty and nutritious.

The Most common is the diet for type 2 diabetes number 9. Its basic principle is the division of all foods into three groups: prohibited, permitted and limited. The purpose of this diet is becoming the normalization of carbohydrate and fat metabolism. In addition, this low calorie diet. In compiling the daily menu should include different products allowed. The diet should consist mainly of cereals and vegetable soups. Useful casseroles, salads, to which you can add a tablespoon of vegetable oil.

In addition, there are other low-carbohydrate diets in type 2 diabetes. For example, the Mayo clinic diet involves regular intake of a special fat burning soup. It is brewed from onions, tomatoes, cabbage, bell pepper and celery. Need to spice it up with hot pepper, by which its use will contribute to fat burning. Eat this soup in unlimited quantities, it also enables the fruit.

Allowed food

Any diet for type 2 diabetes includes a variety of products that can be used without restrictions. Although this does not imply that you need to overeat. Just these products do not contribute to an increase in glucose, but contain useful minerals. Allow products is quite varied, so it's easy to make a menu diet for type 2 diabetes. To eat this disease can also delicious, which is very important for the patient. What is allowed to eat with diabetes:

• Rye bread or wheat wholemeal;
• Lean meat;
• Low-fat fish and seafood dishes;
• Mushroom soup;
• Cereals - buckwheat, oat, wheat, barley;
• Low-fat dairy products;
• Vegetables;
• Unsweetened berries and fruits;
• Green tea, juices and compotes without sugar.

Sometimes when good compensation of diabetes are allowed to eat butter, cheese, cheese, white rice, salted fish, fatty meat. But the use of these products should be strictly limited.

Prohibited products

9a Diet diabetes type 2 diabetes involves certain limitations. There are several products that use strictly prohibited. After all, they contribute to raising the level of glucose in the blood. Moreover, to depart from this rule, not even while improving the condition and the normal condition of sugar. What kind of products:

• Sugar, candy, chocolate, jam;
• Ice cream, condensed milk;
• Sweet fruit like bananas, watermelons, figs, dried fruits;
• Coffee, soda, and alcoholic beverages;
• Fatty meals
• Pork, mutton;
• Smoked sausage;
• Semi;
• Fast food;
• Pickled products;
• Fat, margarine;
• Ready-made sauces and mayonnaise;
• Pastry bakery products, cakes, cookies.

How to create menus

Diet for type 2 diabetes involves a varied and balanced diet with reduced fat and fast carbohydrates. This food does not contribute to weight gain and increased blood sugar. A large part of the diet should consist of vegetables, lean meat or fish, low-fat dairy. In moderation you can eat cereals, legumes, wholegrain bread, pasta and fruit.

Sample diet for type 2 diabetes should include in the menu dishes such:

• Vegetable or mushroom soups;
• Casseroles of vegetables or cheese;
• Salads of tomatoes, cabbage, cucumbers and greens without oil;
• Steamed vegetables;
• Boiled lean meat or fish, steam cutlets;
• Buckwheat or oat porridge;
• Stews of vegetables and meat;
• Rice pilaf;
• Cheese;
• Puree of lentils;
• Unsweetened tea, compote or broth hips.

The Whole diet for the day should be divided into 6 meals: first and second Breakfast, lunch, then snack, dinner, and 2 hours before bedtime is recommended to drink kefir.

Sample menu

In order to make it easier for patients to make diet, has developed a system of bread units, HEH. It helps to evaluate the products on calorie, and carbohydrate content. HEH one contains 12 g of carbohydrates. A day, diabetics should be consumed 8 to 14 HEH. For their calculation you need to use a calculator. For example, 1ХЕ contained in a tablespoon flour, 2 tablespoons of cooked cereals, 1 beet, 3 carrots, glass of skim milk.

You Can calculate the amount of necessary products for the day, because there are many tables indicating the HEH and the glycemic index. But you can use ready-made menu for diet for diabetes type 2 for a few days. When planning takes into account not only the need for a low amount of carbohydrates and fats but intake of necessary trace elements.

• There area few options of dishes for Breakfast. It should be easy, but it's good to fast and not have the feeling of hunger. It can be oatmeal, buckwheat or rice porridge, with them carrot, coleslaw or steamed beets. As an option - low-fat cottage cheese. Additionally, a slice of whole grain bread, maybe - low-fat cheese. Drinking unsweetened tea is selected.
• For the second Breakfast useful fruits, such as grapefruit or an Apple. You can also eat low-fat yogurt or drink unsweetened stewed fruit.
• For lunch, it is expected a combination of several dishes. First of all, this soup. It can be vegetable, bean, mushroom or fish. Useful vegetable soup, sometimes it is possible to prevent low-fat chicken broth. In addition, the dinner includes steamed vegetables with boiled meat, vegetable stew, pilaf with chicken. Additionally you need to eat a salad or squash caviar, allowed a piece of bread. You can drink cranberry juice or stewed fruit.
• For an afternoon snack, you can choose the cheesecake with compote or fruit salad. Sometimes with a more hearty lunch in the afternoon only allowed an Apple or an orange.
• Dinner may consist of steamed vegetables, steam meatballs, meat-cabbage cutlets or baked fish. You can also include porridge and vegetable salad. It is sometimes okay to eat a boiled egg or cottage cheese casserole. Drink unsweetened tea, broth hips or compote.
• 2 hours before bedtime is recommended low-fat kefir, fermented baked milk or warm milk.

Meat

Distribution of proteins, fats and carbohydrates in the process of drawing up the diet for type 2 diabetes is determined by a specialist individually. It depends on the age and weight of the patient, characteristics of diabetes and other diseases. But required to be included in the diet of meat. It contains essential amino acids, ensures the patient's body protein. The main thing is to get it right. Often recommended protein diet in type 2 diabetes, but there are certain restrictions in the choice of products:

• The meat must be fresh;
• Need to only select it diet kinds - veal, rabbit, Turkey, chicken
• It is impossible to eat meat with streaks, films, skin, as these substances slow down the digestion;
• It is forbidden to eat fatty meats - pork, goose, duck, lamb;
• To exclude from the diet should bacon, ham, smoked products, sausages;
• Soups you can cook only lean meat without the skin and bones.

Fish

Diet for type 2 diabetes includes fish. It provides intake of not only amino acids, but also fatty acids. In diabetes, you eat lean fish is best baked or steamed. Allowed to fish for these patients is hake, cod, Pollock. Periodically, you need to include in the diet of red fish. These dishes were delicious, the fish, it is better to prepare on pair or to bake in their own juice in the hole. You need to add a minimum of salt and fat.

It is Forbidden to eat fatty fish - catfish, herring or mackerel. These products are highly taxing the pancreas. Contraindicated in salted or smoked fish. It can cause the appearance of edema, increased pressure and disruption of the pancreas.

Vegetables

This is the most useful part of the diet for patients with type 2 diabetes. The diet recommends every day to eat vegetables and fruits. They are a source of essential vitamins, minerals, fiber and contain low sugar. This power allows you to boost immunity, improve digestion and remedy the lack of necessary trace elements. It is desirable to eat vegetables raw, but this is not always possible, for example, in the presence of inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, it is better to stew or bake with a small amount of oil. In addition, it is desirable to abandon the use of potatoes, as it contains a lot of starch.

Many patients are interested in what you can eat with type 2 diabetes from vegetables? Preference should be given to products with green or red, and it is those that grew above the ground and not the roots. You can use these vegetables:

• Cauliflower;
• Beets;
• Pumpkin;
• Squash;
• Eggplant;
• Broccoli;
• Tomatoes;
• Artichoke;
• Onions;
• Radish.

Fruits

Some patients find that a low carbohydrate diet in type 2 diabetes implies the elimination of almost all fruits. But most often this is not necessary. Many fruits do not raise the sugar so it is allowed in this disease. But they provide the body with many nutrients. But as fruit is a source of carbohydrates, eating them is recommended in the morning. It is better not to eat them on an empty stomach, as this makes greater demands on the pancreas. Forbidden fruit diabetes are watermelon, melon, figs, dates and other dried fruits, as they contain a lot of sugar. It is not recommended to eat peaches and bananas.

What can you eat with type 2 diabetes from fruit? Better to give preference to apples, pears, plums and citrus. But also allowed apricots, pomegranates, kiwi. You can eat berries, especially black currants, cherries, raspberries, cranberries. It is a very useful blueberries and bilberries, which help to reduce blood sugar. Using a favorite fruits, it's easier to overcome cravings and diet.

Other products

A Strict diet for diabetes 2the type is needed only in the most severe cases, such as severe obesity. In other cases, the patient nutrition should be tasty and varied. In order to provide the body with energy, carbohydrates in food are required. Therefore, the concept of "low carbohydrate diet" for diabetes type 2 implies that fast carbs and sugar are replaced by a slow, which does not lead to an increase in sugar. Therefore, be sure to eat porridge. Especially useful buckwheat, wheat, millet, peas, unpolished rice, and oats (but no flakes). Resolved macaroni durum. Eat them preferably in the morning, and cook without oil and sugar. Banned in diabetes eat white rice, semolina and oat flakes. Especially harmful are the quick-cooking cereals that contain a lot of calories.

Diet Recipes for diabetes type 2

To nutrition in this disease is not only useful but also delicious, you need to know the secrets of cooking dietary dishes. They are best baked, broiled or steamed. Even with a large number of forbidden food can be varied. There are different diet recipes in type 2 diabetes.

• Useful to stew green peas with green beans in small amount of butter. For flavor added garlic, onion, herbs, tomato sauce and lemon juice.
• To cook the bean soup you need vegetable broth add onion, a little potato, green beans. Season with herbs.
• For a full and hearty meals for lunch or dinner you can put out the vegetables. Needs to be put in a deep pan, chopped cabbage, zucchini, bell peppers, tomatoes, eggplant, onions. To extinguish with a small amount of water in the oven.
• Salad with calamari is not only nutritious, seafood is very useful for diabetes. Mix sliced boiled squid meat, egg, onion, Apple. Fill low-fat yogurt.

If you follow all the recommendations of the doctor, not to eat forbidden foods and to follow the principles of the diet, you can normalize the sugar level. If you are following a diet for diabetes will not progress and complications will not appear.