The Vitamins – is the key to health and normal functioning of all organs and systems. What vitamins are there, what is their value, what foods contain the nutrients and what is the daily requirement in them? Next, we will focus on the specific vitamins and their importance for the organism. But first briefly about the General functions of these nutrients, as well as the history of their discovery.
The Biological importance of these nutrients is to actively participate in all metabolic and oxidative processes, supporting immune defenses. Vitamins promote normal growth and development of all organs and systems in child, adolescent, adult and embryonic period. Contains vitamins in food products (and their value commensurate with the value of food in General to maintain the normal life and good health), but can also be presented in the form of individual drugs. Multivitamin complexes are assigned only to the attending physician and witnesses. Self-administration of such complexes in danger of hypervitaminosis - a condition which is a consequence of an overdose of vitamins.
The fact that some products are more effective to combat certain diseases has long been known. Even the ancient Egyptians knew that the liver helps with night blindness – disorder, in which the lost or impaired ability to see clearly at dusk. And in the first half of the fourteenth century the physician and dietitian of the yuan dynasty in China developed a three-volume work "Important principles of food and drinks», which codified existing at that time knowledge on the therapeutic role of food. He also argued that to maintain health you must adhere to a varied diet.
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The Origins of the modern theory of vitamins contained in the writings of the Russian scientist N. Lunin. The researcher fed mice all the known elements of cow's milk separately and when subjects died, concluded that the body isn't only fat, protein, carbohydrates, water and salts, essential and additional substances. Its output at first was not accepted by the scientific community seriously - for the reason that many scientists could not obtain the same results. As it turned out, the reason was that they used a milk sugar that contains some amount of vitamin b and not cane.
In subsequent years, accumulated and other data that confirm the existence of these substances. The importance of vitamins in the normal functioning of the human body began to take on greater importance. The first vitamin to cure beriberi-a disease caused from a lack of thiamine in the body, was opened in 1911. In 1929 Holkins and Aikman's for the discovery of nutrients were awarded the Nobel prize. In the thirties, forties, fifties, scientists continued to discover new vitamins.
The Vitamins are named by letters of the alphabet. The names that we use today were adopted by the Commission on the nomenclature of the International Union of pure and applied chemistry in 1956. Up to the present time, it was decided to divide the vitamins according to their solubility in water or fats into water soluble and fat soluble.
The value of the fat-soluble vitamins in that they tend to accumulate in the human body and slowly displayed, but the major source is food of animal origin. Most water-soluble vitamins, in turn, prevent premature aging cells are a valid replacement for animal protein and are involved in all metabolic processes.
At the beginning of the forties of the twentieth century, A. Palladin synthesized analog of vitamin K, which dissolve in water. Were later obtained with other water-soluble vitamins-analogues. All this leads to the fact that the decision of the division of vitamins loses its meaning.
Vitamin a (retinol & ndash; ready vitamin; carotene – goes into vitamin a in the human body) opened one of the first. The value of the vitamin for a person is that he is involved in the regulation of protein synthesis, is an antioxidant, slows the aging process, promotes the normalization of metabolism. The vitamin plays an important role in the formation of teeth and bone tissue, fat deposits, it is necessary for the formation and growth of new cells. Important vitamin And is that it allows you to clearly see at night due to the formation of the pigment, having the ability to catch even the weakest light. The same substance responsible for adequate hydration of the eye, preventing it drying out and subsequent injuries.
Retinol is needed to support the immune system and fight infections, it enhances the barrier function of mucous membranes, stimulates the activity of white blood cells. Vitamin a protects against colds and influenza, diseases of the respiratory and digestive systems and urinary tracts. It is the presence of retinol & ndash; one of the main factors that in developed countries, children are easier to tolerate measles, chicken pox. Even AIDS patients vitamin a prolongs life.
The Substance has a positive effect on lung function, it is necessary to maintain epithelial tissue, accelerated wound healing, provides normal development of pregnancy and reduces the risk of complications such as insufficient weight of the newborn.
The Daily need for vitamin a is 800 to 1,000 micrograms for adults, 1000-1400 mcg for women pregnant and nursing mothers, 400-1000 µg for children. The tolerable upper consumption threshold is 3000 micrograms. The main sources of nutrients are yellow and green vegetables, legumes, apricots, herbs, fish oil, milk, margarine, cheese, egg yolk, liver, cream and so on.
Vitamin b was opened in 1912, but it soon became clear that this is not one compound but a whole range of substances. Unites this group is the presence in the molecule of nitrogen. The physiological importance of b vitamins for the body is very great:
The Value of vitamins for humans is very high, these substances do not accumulate in the body, so to replenish their stock you need on a daily basis and sufficient quantity. Most substances of this group in dairy products, legumes, liver, egg yolk, yeast. A lack of vitamins, because nutrients are destroyed by refined sugars, nicotine, caffeine and alcohol that the modern person uses on a daily basis.
Vitamin C, or ascorbic acid, plays a critical role in redox processes in the human body, metabolism of other nutrients, the synthesis of collagen and steroid hormones. The value of the vitamin in the diet due to its ability to regulate blood clotting, enhance resistance of human organism to various infections, anti-Allergy and anti-inflammatory effects. Ascorbic acid protects against the negative effects of stress.
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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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