All terrain automobiles, which include the Lada 4x4 (Niva) and Chevrolet Niva, and in stock form are characterized by high permeability. This is due to the good geometry of the body and suspension, the presence of all-wheel drive system with reduction gear and centre differential lock.
However, there is always the possibility of improvement. The more that these vehicles have certain drawbacks, primarily the lack of engine performance. Next, the article discusses the preparation of "field" to the road.
The Classic Niva, known as the VAZ-2121 Lada 4x4 and is a compact small SUV class, produced since 1977 Is carrying the body, occurring in 3-and 5-door variants. Equipped with 4-cylinder petrol engines with a capacity of 80-94 HP with 4-and 5-speed manual transmission. Drive — complete with reduction gear and locking center differential. Front suspension — the independent, back — dependent.
Chevrolet Niva is also a compact SUV. It produced since 2002 Has a 5-seater body. Most cars are equipped with 80-horsepower engine from a Niva with 5-speed manual transmission. By design, the powertrain and running gear similar to it.
The Preparation of "Niva-Chevrolet" the road like any other car, needs to be carefully considered and calculated. However, its tuning should be approached particularly carefully. This is because their design has a small margin, which determines the potential for tuning. That is, the vehicle components are operating at close to the limit, and the preparation of "Chevy-Niva" to the road could easily break it. This will reduce both operational qualities and reliability.
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So, the engines have poor performance even for standard cars. If loading them with heavy additional equipment and install larger wheels, low dynamic performance will be even worse, and the load on the already weak engine will increase, which will lead to the decrease of its resource. Approximately the same situation with suspension: lift by the installation of long shock absorbers and springs or spacers without any additional intervention will lead to a deterioration of controllability and stability, and accelerated wear and tear items like suspension and drivetrain.
In addition, heavy involvement in design does not come cheap. Therefore one can distinguish the stages of preparation of "field" to the road. And elementary (tourism) involves the change and install only individual elements, with an almost complete preservation of the original structure.
The Cost of tuning is defined as the degree of intervention in the design and the level of applied details. It is clear that most SUV owners VAZ — poor people. Therefore, common training of "field" to the road with their hands.
For the same reason most owners and serviced the car yourself. They are well known for "field". Preparing for the road, photo Which we will provide in this article, therefore, they are also able to do.
It is Extremely important for an SUV to protect the underbody, covering the main components, such as engine, transmission, front driveshaft, a reducer of the front bridge.
Security is represented by plastic or metal sheets. The first is very fragile. Even a 1-2 mm sheet of metal can be protected only from small stones and weak contact with the surface. So for serious off-road use protection thickness of 4-6 mm.
As for the area, one should choose the most broad leaves, covering as much surface. It is necessary to verify the presence of technological and vents. This training of "field" to the road will cost about 30 thousand rubles.
Sometimes provide protection of the body, through the installation of more durable metal and bumpers thresholds (power kit). It will cost about 20-30 thousand rubles.
If you install wider wheels, use the front wheel arches. Simple universal options cost about 2 thousand rubles.
"field" has a fragile and small towing eyelet required on the roads to extract a stuck vehicle. Chevrolet Niva they are stronger, but are very uncomfortable. Therefore, appropriate training of "field" to the road, by installing a detachable towbar with a square socket 50x50 back and mounts under the winch on the front.
This will allow you to change the data fit places using the tow instead of towing eyes to pull the trailers and to apply hi-Jack. The cost — approximately 15 thousand rubles.
The Price of electric hoist - from 20 thousand rubles. Another 4 thousand will cost fastening system.
A professionally trained expedition SUV equipped with a trunk. This device, of course, does not increase permeability. However, the use of the vehicle on the roads is often associated with the transportation of large quantity of cargo that may not fit in the cargo compartment. For the considered machines is particularly important, as theyboth have small trunks. Besides, "Fields" spare tire located in the engine compartment, so it loads the front end, degrades cooling of the engine and safety.
By forwarding the trunk, it will be possible to solve these problems by moving the spare tire up there. In addition, many variants have mounts for additional equipment. When you select trunk, you need to pay attention to the way of attaching it: better if he's prepared to mount on the factory roof rails, chutes or arc, as the rigid attachment of the required permission.
Many modified off-road installed additional lighting. Standard headlights may not be enough off-road. In addition, they quickly get dirty in the mud. Therefore, additional lights set higher - usually on the roof. A forwarding trunks have specialized mounts. Led lamps cost from 3 thousand rubles.
As noted, the engines in question car is very weak for off-road, where they lack traction capabilities. This is particularly evident the heavier Chevrolet Niva. The situation is exacerbated in the case of weighting of the body additional equipment and installation of the large wheels. There are 2 ways to solve this problem: replacing the engine more powerful or tuning the original engine.
For a swap on Chevrolet Niva vehicles often use engine VAZ-21126 and Toyota 3S etc. For "Field" are also often set 3S. Cheaper just to buy it (from 30 thousand rubles).
As for modifications, it uses the same techniques and methods that with sports tuning VAZ engines. Varies only in the targeted motor: the opposite of sporty, off-road tuning with the aim to obtain maximum torque at lower rpm.
The Basic off-road modification for the engine is the snorkel. This device is an external air intake that render to the roof to exclude water hammer and ensure clean-air intake from the top, where there is less dust. In addition, the snorkels are equipped with separators. Their price is the same and starts from 3 thousand rubles.
To ensure uniform rotation of the wheels, the car is equipped with front and rear cross-axle differentials with locks. Cost - about 15 thousand rubles. Inter-axle lock both SUV have in stock.
As mentioned, both cars have engines with low productivity, insufficient traction for serious off-road. To solve this problem without interfering in their structure. To do this, change the gear ratio the main couples. The price is about 3 thousand rubles.
Both cars have a lower gear. However, there are downside whales, further reducing the gear ratio. Price - from 10 thousand rubles.
The Most important off-road parameters of the suspension are ground clearance and moves. Standard cars have high ground clearance and good geometry. However, over time, especially when operating under load or on the road, the suspension can SAG. To avoid this, the springs and dampers are changed to enhanced. They are characterized by high hardness, but have better energy consumption and more durable. Cost from 12 thousand rubles.
Increased ground clearance requires much more serious intervention in the suspension design. If you just install spacers or longer shocks and springs will significantly reduce service life of CV joints and universal joints to decrease the vehicle's handling, stability and braking performance. It is therefore necessary to perform a significant amount of work with the replacement of a large number of items to ensure the durability of the structure, which is the preparation of the Fields to the road with their hands. Photos demonstrate clearly its execution.
To a large extent the permeability is determined by the tires. The standard rubber is not suitable for serious off-road. Off-road tires provide better grip in mud, loose soil and other surfaces. There are specialized off-road tires and for winter. Therefore, replacement of tyres — a simple preparation of "Niva-Chevrolet" the road with their hands.
You Need to consider that without an increase in ride height and wheel arch extensions on the "Fields" you can install wheels that are no larger than 15-inch 215/75 or 16 inch 215/65. The first option is more relevant because it provides the best smoothstroke and a greater choice of tyres, and the steering is not very important for these cars. Such training Fields to the road will cost about 16 thousand rubles.
For off-road operation interior trim legkovushki simple materials. Most often the flooring change aluminum panels. The rest of the interiors of the cars so very simple.
Sometimes install additional equipment, depending on the vehicle's equipment.
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KK: https://tostpost.com/kk/avtomobil-der/38785-dayyndau-niva-aray-zholsyz-zherlermen-z-olymen.html
PL: https://tostpost.com/pl/samochody/40326-przygotowanie-pola-do-off-road-w-asnymi-r-kami.html
PT: https://tostpost.com/pt/carros/39967-a-prepara-o-do-campo-para-a-estrada-com-as-m-os.html
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ZH: https://tostpost.com/zh/cars/41013-prepare-the-fields-to-the-road-with-their-hands.html
Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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