Specifications YAMZ 236, the device of the basic units

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2018-03-21 14:37:12

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Diesel engines models 236 and 238 have been developed by designers of the Yaroslavl motor plant and has replaced the outdated two-stroke family of engines YMZ 204/206. The principal difference of the new engines was the four-stroke working cycle, which significantly increased the operating data of the engines. The design of the units applied the scheme with a V-shaped arrangement of cylinder blocks, with the engine YAMZ 236 had six cylinders and YAMZ 238 – eight. In the pictures two of the engine YAMZ 236, is clearly visible for the fuel pump on which are located the reservoirs of the air supply. The hole to install the air filter sealed with protective paper.

YAMZ 236 technical specifications fuel consumption

Block

Two sets of cylinders have a 90 degree angle and common ground, which is the upper part of the crankcase. To simplify the design, the connecting rods of opposite cylinders mounted on one crankshaft connecting rod journal. From a layout considerations the axis of the cylinders are offset by 35 mm. engine Block made of gray cast iron with low amounts of alloying elements. When calculating the unit special attention was paid to ensure rigidity, allowing to achieve high technical characteristics of the engine YAMZ 236.

The cylinder has replaceable shells, so-called wet-cooling fluid washes the outside of the casings. The unit has supports for the bearings camshaft and crankshaft. Treatment beds of bearings of the crankshaft is installed in the caps. Therefore, caps are not interchangeable and must be installed in a strictly defined position.

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At the front of the unit has a body gear unit to timing, at the rear of the fixed flywheel housing made in the form of individual parts. On the housing cover gears sets the coolant pump. Fluid from the pump is forced into the cylinder through the channel in the housing and cover the gears. Inside the cover there are additional ducts for the coolant. On the cover of the gears has a milled plane with the stroke marks used in conjunction with the mark on the crankshaft pulley to set the point of commencement of fuel injection. RUB labeling is a prerequisite for technical specifications YAMZ 236.

Block Heads and timing system

Each unit YAMZ 236 has a separate head on three cylinders. The head is made of cast iron and is fastened to the block with steel pins. Block and head have a common cooling jacket, which ensures uniform operating temperature of the engine. Between parts have a gasket on early models is made from asbestos with metal trim cylinder bores and the flow of the coolant.

Each cylinder has two valves. The drive of valves by rocker arms and rods from a single camshaft mounted in the collapse of blocks. Shaft drive – from the sock crankshaft through several helical gears. Installation of camshaft is done by marks on the gears. In the photo, located the article, motor YAMZ 236 with the removed valve cover.

YAMZ 236 technical specifications fuel consumption

The head set nozzle for fuel injection tube and back flow of excess fuel to the fuel tank. The top head is closed thin-walled cap.

Piston group and a cranked shaft

Specifications are provided with the YAMZ 236 crankshaft with four main bearings, made of high carbon steel. Due to this design and material of shaft has greater stiffness and high wear resistance. Inside the crankshaft made channels for supplying oil under pressure to indigenous and connecting rod bearings. In design of shaft subject to additional counterweights on the cheeks and two separate counterweight at the toe of the shaft and the flywheel. In the back pillar there is a groove, which includes a bronze half-rings that protect the shaft from axial displacement. Both shaft ends have sealing gaskets. To wear of the shaft has a removable pinion gear drive timing mechanism.

The connecting Rods of the engine are not interchangeable with the steel bearing cap. Pistons YAMZ 236 manufactured by casting of aluminum alloy and have five grooves under the piston rings. In the casting of the piston has a combustion chamber made in the form of a toroid. Three rings to provide compression have a cross-sectional shape of a trapezoid. All the parts of the piston are divided into size group, which facilitates the selection of parts for the repair.

Lubrication System

The Oil reservoir of the engine YAMZ 236 serves as the sump. From there the oil flows into gear pump, and pressure is applied to the bearings crankshaft and camshafts, the upper heads, connecting rods, rocker arms and rods of the valve drive. The pump can pump up to 140 litres of oil per minute. Other components of the engine lubricated by the oil mist generated during operation of the engine. Only the lubrication system is 24 litres of oil. Purification is based on two steps-a coarse filter and centrifugal fine cleaning product. Using a centrifuge is approximately 10 percent of the pumped oil pump. After cleaning it drainsback to Carter. Maintenance of the centrifuge consists of washing the internal cavity of the settled mud. The strainer is a brass chicken wire. When servicing the motor: the net is washed and set back. Specifications YAMZ 236 is directly dependent on the health of the lubrication system.

When the engine is running monitor the oil pressure, which should be within 4…7 atmospheres. In hot weather, the pressure may be somewhat reduced due to the high oil temperature in the engine. Additional oil cooling is carried out using a separate radiator in front of the radiator coolant. In the maximum mode through the device per minute is up to 25 litres of oil. Cooled in the radiator the oil drained into the crankcase.

Cooling System and power

Temperature control is a prerequisite for the technical specifications of the engine YAMZ 236. The consumption of fuel and oil consumption, and engine durability is directly dependent on the motor temperature. To maintain the temperature of the engine has a radiator with a special valve to increase the temperature of the boiling coolant to 116 to 119 degrees.

The Cooling liquid is shestilopastnye a fan driven from the timing gears. On the shaft of the fan bearings mounted on the intermediate pulley of the generator and the compressor system pneumatic actuator of the brakes. The fan is installed in a special housing that directs the flow of air. The amount of cooling adjust mounted in front of radiator shutters manually operated from the driver's cab. The engine is coupled with the radiator rubber hoses. Total system capacity is 28 liters. The picture in the article shows a General view of YAMZ 236 turbo and transmission.

specifications YAMZ 236

The operating temperature of the engine is the range of values in the range of 75-98 degrees. Each block has its own channel to drain, equipped with a thermostat. The manufacturer does not recommend continuous operation of the engine when the coolant temperature is below 60 degrees. Temperature control is conducted by the device on the dashboard in the driver's cab.

Optional cooling system can be installed heater model 400 or the HDD 44. The heater is mounted in front of radiator-based heating fluid is burned in the boiler fuel. For the installation of the heater in the block of the engine YAMZ 236, there are special channels. The liquid circulation is carried out by a separate pump with an electric drive. The exhaust gases are discharged to the oil pan to heat the oil. The use of self-contained heater improves the operational and technical characteristics YAMZ 236. Fuel consumption when using such systems markedly lower, especially in the use of diesel at low temperatures.

YAMZ 236 specifications

Power System

The system includes high pressure pump with speed controller, filters, fuel injectors and fuel tube high and low pressure. For filtering, the filters of rough and thin clearing. In one of the photos in the article shows a modern version of the YAMZ 236 turbo and a 9-blade fan.

YAMZ 236 specifications

Thanks to the improved specific fuel consumption of the engine reduced. If the first MAZ 500 consumption was about 25 liters at a power of only 180 forces, on modern machines it is 33 to 40 liters at a power of from 300 to 420 forces.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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