Ischemia, accompanied by disruption of normal blood supply to the heart muscle, is today considered a very serious problem. This pathology is the most common cause of sudden death. Moreover, as a rule, from the disease affects patients of working age. Diagnosis of coronary heart disease is sometimes difficult. That is why you should familiarize yourself with basic information about this disease.
What is a coronary heart disease? Symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, possible complications — it's those moments which are worth exploring in more detail. After all, the sooner people will notice the symptoms and consult a doctor, the higher the probability of a favorable outcome.
What is a coronary heart disease? Symptoms, diagnosis, treatment — is that of interest to many patients. But first, let's understand the basic facts.
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a pathology which is accompanied by functional and/or organic lesions of the heart muscle. Disorders of the myocardium in this disease associated with insufficient blood supply to the organ or complete termination.
It is Worth noting that such a diagnosis “coronary heart disease" often put men active age (55 to 64 years). Of course, it is possible the development of the disease in patients of female gender or of boys of younger age.
This pathology is associated with an imbalance between the demand of myocardial blood flow and actual blood flow. If the heart muscle, for whatever reason, does not get enough oxygen and nutrients, which inevitably occurs when the circulatory disturbance, the possible pathologic changes, including sclerosis, dystrophy and necrosis.
According to statistics, about 60-70% of cases of acute form of ischemic heart disease leads to sudden death of the patient. It is therefore correct and, most importantly, a modern diagnosis of coronary heart disease is so important.
How and why developing coronary heart disease? Diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation — are important issues. But first, let's learn more about the causes of disease.
Approximately 97-98% of cases the disease is associated with atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries. These vessels provide nutrition of the myocardium. Accordingly, even a small narrowing of the lumen of the coronary arteries adversely affects the condition of the muscles of the heart. Complete occlusion of the vessel leads to the development of acute ischemia, angina, heart attack and sometimes sudden death. List other causes include thromboembolism (blockage of the lumen of the vessel from a blood clot).
Of Course, the above pathology by themselves do not develop. Their creation results in exposure to certain risk factors. Diagnosis of ischemic heart disease should be aimed at determining the causes of the condition.
Properly conducted diagnostics of ischemic heart disease allows not only to determine the stage and severity of the disease but also its causes. Based on these data, the physician can create an effective treatment plan. It is understood that in most cases CHD develops under the influence of severalfactors.
The term IBS unite various pathological conditions associated with impaired blood supply to the myocardium:
What is a coronary heart disease? Diagnosis, treatment — this is definitely important information. However, many patients are interested in symptoms. What are the first symptoms of IBS? What breaches need to pay attention?
Regrettably, diagnosis and treatment of chronic ischemic heart disease is often fraught with difficulties, because in most cases people ignore small shortness of breath and weak, intermittent, stabbing pain in the heart area. To the doctor treated already in the late stages of the disease.
If the patient goes to a specialist with complaints of intermittent chest pain and dyspnea, the physician first collects a full medical history. It is important to know exactly when there symptoms, is there heart disease in your family, whether at the patient of harmful habits, etc.
Further tests are performed. For example, determine the level of troponin, myoglobin and aminotransferases in the blood — it is these protein compounds are released during the destruction of cardiomyocytes.
In addition, the patient's blood is tested for the presence of increased quantities of glucose, lipoproteins and cholesterol — that helps to diagnose comorbidities, and sometimes to determine the cause of coronary heart disease (e.g., atherosclerosis).
Decisive in the diagnosis of coronary heart disease is such a simple and affordable study like an electrocardiogram. During the procedure, the doctor may check the electrical activity of the heart, to detect certain arrhythmias of the myocardium.
It is Mandatory and the Echo. This study allows to determine the heart size, to evaluate its contractile activity, to visualize the condition of the valves and cavities of the myocardium, to study specific acoustic noise. Additionally performed stress-echocardiography, because the symptoms of ischemia are sometimes found only during physical activity.
Informativeis daily monitoring of ECG. The patient to shoulder attach a special device that measures the heart's activity during the day. In addition, the patient must be recorded in a special diary of their actions, changes in well-being.
Often performed transesophageal electrocardiography. The patient entered a special sensor that registers the performance of the heart. Thus, the doctor can assess the electrical conductivity and excitability of the myocardium.
Quite often the patients are positron emission tomography (PET). Diagnosis of coronary heart disease involves the study of blood flow of the myocardium. This technique allows also to measure the rate of glucose utilization in a particular area of the myocardium, to evaluate the metabolic activity of fatty acids to measure the amount of oxygen consumed. PET diagnosis of ischemic heart disease is appropriate, if any segment of the heart muscle looks like a scar.
A Lot of useful information can be obtained after carrying out coronary angiography. Introduced into the coronary arteries, a contrast agent, and then tracking its movement. Using this procedure, the specialist can determine the existence of violations of vascular permeability, and the degree of occlusion and stenosis.
Important is the differential diagnosis of coronary heart disease, because symptoms such as pain behind the breastbone and shoulder, and shortness of breath develop on the background of other diseases, including vegetative neurosis, pathology of the peripheral nervous system, paraneoplastic syndrome, lesions of the pleura, etc.
In fact, therapy in this disease have to be integrated.
Treatment of coronary heart disease selects only the doctor, as much depends on the General condition of the patient, other medical conditions, etc. Sometimes, specialists prescribe the intake of beta-blockers that help reduce blood pressure. Preparations containing nitroglycerin to expand the blood vessels, including coronary arteries. Proper intake of ACE-inhibitors improves the flow of blood. In atherosclerosis patients, prescribe medication, which consists of a statin, as they help to adjust the level of cholesterol in the blood. Thrombosis prophylaxis may be used acetylsalicylic acid. In the presence of oedema diuretics are sometimes used.
It is also Worth noting that the patient needs to change a little the way of life, in particular, to eat right. Shown and the limitation of physical activity. If the severity of coronary artery disease is small, the patients are recommended to feasible load, for example, swimming, walking, Cycling. Such lessons help to strengthen blood vessels. But if we are talking about severe forms of the disease and severe shortness of breath, from sports and physical activity will have to decline.
The Diet for coronary heart disease is extremely important. Doctors recommend patients to follow some rules:
Unfortunately, in most cases, it is difficult to do without surgical intervention, as the medication only helps to relieve the symptoms and to prevent complications.
Unfortunately, many patients are faced with this problem, as ischemic heart disease. Therapy helps to slow down the progression of the disease and prevent complications. But when the wrong treatment or the absence of possible:
Not immediately say that the prognosis for patients with this diagnosis depend on the General state of the organism, extent of coronary vessels, presence of other diseases. If we are talking about mild ischemia, it's pretty well to therapy. The forecasts are not so favorable for patients along with coronary artery disease suffer from diabetes and hypertension.
As for prevention, any specific funds does not exist. People at risk, is to maintain a healthy lifestyle. It is important to eat right, and limit the amount of fatty, fried and overly spicy foods rich in bad cholesterol.
Negatively on the state of the vessels affected by Smoking. It is important to maintain physical fitness, regularly working out feasible exercise,such as workout in a gym and walking outdoors. Patients with hypertension need to constantly monitor the blood pressure.
These simple rules will not only help to prevent the development of ischemia, but also significantly improve the whole body.
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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."
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