Harm – what is it?

The Law under hazardous conditions or assumed factors, which are in the production when performing job duties. They are harmful to human health. Harm – negative factors for which the employees are entitled to benefits and allowances.

Concept

Working Conditions – factors that directly or indirectly affect human health. They can be safe, if you do not affect employees or affected to a minimal extent. Then the efficiency will be reduced, and health will not deteriorate.

Harmful – factors that adversely affect humans and lead to the deterioration of his health. Many of them are so strong that become the reason of chronic illnesses, and reduction of life expectancy.

Classification

There are classes of harmfulness of working conditions:

1. Work may be small changes in the body that has been restored, if you stop the production process.
2. The observed production factors, due to which changes of a permanent nature that causes chronic diseases.
3. In the body greatly changes, which is lost and reduced performance, diseases.
4. Harmful conditions that become the cause of chronic diseases and loss of efficiency.

List of trades

Many professions include such a thing as harm. It characterizes a profession as adverse.

According to the Government Decision No. 188 dated 29.03.2002 to harmful professions include activities in the following areas:

• The coal industry;
• Mountain;
• Steel
• Power;
• Chemical, petroleum industry;
• Microbiology;
• Geological exploration;
• Electronic manufacturing.

Who should not be allowed to work on such work?

According to the labour code, the list of persons who are unable to work in hazardous industries. These include:

• Minors;
• Pregnant women
• Women with children up to 1.5 years;
• Part-time workers, if main activity is connected with fulfillment of obligations, when there are adverse conditions.

Factors

Hazards are different:

1. Physical – solar radiation, dust, temperature, humidity, wind.
2. Chemical-biological and chemical components obtained by chemical synthesis.
3. Biological – substances and mixtures of biological origin.
4. Labour – long-term work, as well as lifting weights, physical and mental tension.

When working in the aforementioned fields can receive an occupational disease.

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Payment

Harmful – this is not the only negative factors on the production, but also the reason for compensation. By law, such employees based on:

• Reduction of the working week – no more than 36 hours;
• Additional paid vacation – not less than 7 days;
• Raise – not less than 4% of the salary;
• Free tickets for the rest;
• The provision of protective clothing, tools for work.

Also, there should be medical examination of employees, who are engaged in hazardous work. The frequency is determined by the severity of the conditions but shall be not less than 1 time per year. Some professions require passage of an unscheduled inspection in employment.

Milk

The law is necessary to give milk for the harm that stipulated in article 222 of the labour code. This serves to compensate for the threat factors faced during performance of duties. The order of the health Ministry of the Russian Federation No. 45N of the designated standards for the provision of the product, and also specified a list of factors that when given milk for harm.

According to the Federal law №426, each organization must complete the site assessment work for the presence of harmful factors that can degrade the performance. If the evaluation is rated 3rd or 4th class, which involves a particularly dangerous or harmful factors, the employer has to provide dairy products.

In many professions is based on a reduced pension. They are assumed to be in employment in the underground production, agriculture, textile industry, medicine, emergency, pedagogical sphere. For most benefits you must design when you need to submit an application and list of documents.

Benefits for harmful conditions are entitled under the law. If for any reason they are not available, workers have the right to appeal to the court. As evidence of the presence of harmful factors, a peer review. The results will be the basis for providing different compensation.