Classification of gear oils SAE and API

Transmission lubricants are used in gearboxes, transfer boxes, axles and steering mechanisms. There are many cars where the transaxle fill the same engine oil. But in the separate mechanisms which have been subjected to particularly heavy and difficult loads, and where drops of oil and mist him to get hard, requires a supply pressure of the transmission oil.

Separate different groups and types of motor fluid. Classification gear oil also is different.

Accepted classification

One of the international classifications is the separation of viscosity. This classification transmission oils SAE called. It greases are divided into seven classes, four of which — winter (marked W), and the remaining three — summer. All-season marking involves a dual designation, for example, 80W90, 75W140, and others.

Another classification of transmission fluid, called API, suggests division into six groups. They are used depending on the purpose, which provides the type of gear, unit load and temperature.

Classification for gear oils SAE in General

This classification was developed by the American society of engineers. She became widely known. Many motorists know her better than any other.

Class lubricant fluid viscosity is in the user manual of each vehicle.

The Choice of what offers this classification of gear oils, is based on the temperature characteristics of the environment, which will be operated by the car. Viscosity properties are determined in relation to the achievement of 150 thousand CP according to Brookfield. If this value is exceeded, the bearings on the pinion shaft will begin the process of destruction. To avoid this, you should strictly adhere to guidelines for low-temperature data, choosing the appropriate lubricant.

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If the car is planned to operate at temperatures around minus thirty degrees and below, suitable for manual gearbox will gidrokrekinga or synthetic greases and polysynthetic viscosity 75W-XX with a limit viscosity of 5000 CP.

High temperature is defined at 100 degrees. To achieve parts should begin to break down, even if you have to be under the influence for 20 hours and more.

Classification of gear oils by viscosity: details

Here, just as in a motor, the lubricating fluid is shared on a seasonal basis:

• Winter — 70W, 75W, 80W, 85W;
• Summer — 80, 85, 90, 140, 250.

In this classification, this division is conditional, since different manufacturers have their own peculiarities of development.

But the standard SAE J306, for example, has such requirements, which must comply with transmission fluid. So, they have to have the only degree winter or summer range, or a combination of both degrees. Can't be just two winter degrees.

In addition, if the motor lubrication is designated in the range from 0 to 60, the transmission range from 70 to 250.

So the developers have tried to prevent possible errors in the choice of oil. Thus, if the engine and transmission fluid and have the same viscosity, the SAE of them will be different.

API in General

Universal classification transmission oils for all types, alas, has not yet been established. But according to the API class for manual transmissions to classify lubricant for the first time.

Her cars use oil of the group GL-4 or GL-5. GL-4 suitable for mechanics and gears hypoid or spiral bevel pairs and used in temperate climatic conditions. And GL-5, in addition to moderate, can be applied in harsh conditions on different types of gear.

Separate groups API

Let us Consider all groups that represents the classification of gear oils API.

The Group GL-1 belong to the mineral lubricating fluid. These oils no additives except those that have antioxidant and anti-foam properties.

The GL-2 include oils with anti-friction additives, which are used for worm gears with low rotating speed.

GL-3 – lubrication, which already possess considerable amounts of additives, which include, and having wear-resistant properties. They are used in KP with multiple steps and steering, main and hypoid gears. Oil employs spiral-bevel gear pairs designed for operation at low speeds and not in hard conditions.

The Group GL-4 has high percentage of additives. This includes those that have anti-seize properties. They are mainly used in cars with conventional manual. Lubrication is able to function properly in suchtransmissions where there are high speed and small torque, or Vice versa.

The GL-5 belong to the lubricating fluid, able to work in a challenging environment where you need to exert a lot of effort to overcome a heavy load. These oils are used on different models of cars and motorcycles. Applicable for hypoid gear pairs of gears working with shocks. Grease contain large amounts of additives, based on serotesting elements and reducing the likelihood of metal burrs.

Oil GL-6 provide good performance even under tough conditions. They effectively withstand the speed of rotation, large torque and impact load. They have the largest amount of anti-seize additives compared to other groups. But oils of this group are not often used.

Most gear oils are manufactured on a mineral basis. Synthetic is used very rarely.

Other classifications

Classification of gear oil according to SAE and API is the most common. But there are other division. For example, by a separate category of lubricant for automatic gearbox. They are not covered by API as the classification of the transmission oil. "Zeke”, “Total”, “mobile” and other manufacturers have their own indicators in the manufacture of lubricating fluids.

Classification ATF

Oil for the machines are often painted in a bright color so that motorists are not confused and have not filled it in MT. Also, do not mix colored liquids

Classifications for the automatic transmission, which would be as unified as for manual transmission, they are not. So this is a matter for the producers themselves. So, in General Motors use classification Dexron, and Ford – Mercon.

Classification ZF

Fame takes on the classification of the company Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen, ZF briefly. It is a leader among European manufacturers of gear boxes and motor systems. Having developed its own classification, the company proposes to focus on their classes in terms of quality and viscosity.

For each CP allowed their oil. The division is envisaged as a letter code, and digital.

Nothing to build with the

Classification of gear oils API, SAE and so on greatly facilitates the selection. But, getting the lubricating fluid, you should also understand what problems it should solve. Among them are:

• Prevent too strong friction and increased wear surfaces, gears or other transmission components;
• Spent energy of the film must be reduced;
• Generate heat;
• Stop or minimize the oxidation process;
• No negative influence on the response of the transmission parts on the surface;
• Non-entry into the reaction with water;
• Save initial properties during prolonged storage;
• Reduced noise and vibrations caused by the transmission work;
• Lack of toxic fumes when heated.

The Right combination of gear oil will successfully solve their problems and will help extend the life of the components.