Russian cars: automobile, cargo, special forces. The Russian car industry

When it comes to the domestic auto industry, the first thing that comes to mind – models of the Volga automobile plant. The most recognizable car of our time of AVTOVAZ is Lada Kalina. It is produced both for export and for the domestic market. The difference between these modifications is significant, therefore, to compare them makes no sense. In technical terms, the machine has very good performance, not least because it is designed for national roads, and that's saying a lot.

The development of the Russian automotive industry, which in Soviet times was famous because of the following cars: "Muscovite" and «Lada», began in the nineteenth century. Before the emergence of the Union Republics several times the industry has stood up and immediately fell, and only by 1960, healed life to the fullest – was launched mass motorization. The crisis that followed the collapse of the USSR, with difficulty, but the Russian car industry out of the woods. And now one of the largest producers, which showed the world the Lada Kalina, – is the brainchild of AVTOVAZ. Though on the territory of Russia are increasingly found car, every second car is an instance of domestic production. It shows patriotism and love of the population for the country, and how much cheaper VAZ cars compared to the foreign. A more detailed history can be read below.

The Russian automotive industry until 1917

The First Russian cars began to appear in 1896. It was from that time began to develop the domestic auto industry. The first model had the internal combustion engine and appeared in that year. To the public of its “imagined” Yevgeny Yakovlev and Pyotr Freze.

After this event in Russia appear the first private firms that represent the Russian auto industry of the time. However, they soon change their activities. 1912 "afloat" there are only two companies. We are talking about the Russian-Baltic wagon factory and the plant of Puzyreva. The first was located in Riga, the second – in St. Petersburg. RBVZ had a chance to release his first piece of transportation in 1909, while RASIP began operating in 1911, four years later a second factory was burned, and after a short period of time died and its founder. RBVS for approaching Riga military action has divided into several branches: one was in St. Petersburg (there have been assembled aircraft), the second – in Tver.

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The Russian car industry began to develop in the strong pace due to the outbreak of the First world war. And all because has greatly increased the need for additional equipment. The government issued a decree on the establishment of six factories. For their construction it has been allocated about 11 million roubles. According to the calculations of the authorities, the total production was supposed to be 10 thousand cars per year. However, ended these plans are very tragic. After the revolution of 1917 and the subsequent inflation, collapse of transport system in Russia, the construction of the plant was not finished. Ultimately the state had only one Assembly line which went light and heavy equipment. For 1917 at the Moscow plant was able to collect almost 500 cars. After the establishment of the situation the authorities took the decision to resume the construction of those Assembly points. But only two of them have retained their specialization.

Russia in the USSR

The Russian cars has changed noticeably during his stay in the Soviet Union. Release trucks f-15 in Moscow, the plant is considered to be the starting point for the development of the industry. After a while the AMO was renamed. After the reconstruction the plant began to produce under license the trucks. In Nizhny Novgorod, which was better known as Bitter, then built CALLED. This plant, using the permission from the American company Ford, started to produce trucks and cars. Established companies have been able to become the national dignity of the Soviet Union, and the «Lada» – a symbol of the same state. Together with the smaller car brands Russian automotive industry was released in Europe in the first place, in the world, he took the second position in the category of trucks. Before the start of the conflicts in the territory of the USSR in the Second world was issued more than 1 million copies.

The 70-ies of the development of the auto industry was in an intense pace. At the same time in most Russian cars were a huge number of trucks – their production is favored.

The Population began to acquire personal cars by that time, as Italy decided to build the Union of the vases. The plant operated at a fast enough rate. Initially for the year produced 660 thousand copies, then, closer to the 80-th years, this figure rose to 730 million And, of course, the car «Lada» was this the lion's share. Along with it was made and “field”. The same factory was the first in the USSR was released from the conveyor hatchback.

In 1969 started the construction of KAMAZ, it is finished by 1976 it was he who brought many of the Soviet vehicles on diesel power mechanisms. According to plan, the plant produced 150 thousand trucks and 250 thousand units per year.

Thanks to the good support from the government and the joint efforts of all factories by 1980, the Soviet Union occupied in the world:

• Rankedfor the production of buses.
• Third place in production of trucks.
• Fifth place in total production. Here Russian cars yielded Japanese, American, German and French colleagues.

Even with the crisis of the Russian car industry continued to delight domestic customers of perfect new cars. At this time, the industry has ceased to increase in size, there was a shortage of spare parts. The leadership of the USSR was fading. But in this period the world saw such “eternal” models like auto "Muscovite”, “Satellite”, “Eye”, “brand” and some trucks.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union the fate of the Russian industry, Ukrainian and Belarusian diverged on their roads.

Modern automotive industry of Russia

The Crisis, which was raided after the reforms of 1992, almost stopped the whole Russian automobile industry. Was reduced the rate of production, number of cars. Even those who produced cheap cost copies, has suspended its activities. It was associated with terrible economic and financial challenges. We can say that it has withstood such a blow for the government, only the truly strong Russian brands – time-tested. We are talking about the Vase, Gas and plant Likhachev. They released a truly legendary machine – «Lada», «Volga», «Bull». It is through these episodes, the crisis was successfully overcome. Although the devaluation of the ruble in 1998, has significantly hit the producers.

Already by 2002 in the state; the Assembly of foreign models. By this time in the state opened more than a dozen overseas branches. Among passenger cars, the proportion was 40 %. In 2010, implemented a plan of development of 1 million foreign copies a year.

Now the Russian Federation included in the list of the top 15 manufacturers in the world. In the state opened more than 50 automotive plants.

Best domestic car

If truly to consider the best car produced in the USSR, it is necessary to fix his attention on Tom, who received a service index "M-20”. True, we are talking about «Victory». It was produced at the Gorky factory from 1946 to 1958 To stop production was released about 240 thousand copies.

The Car had a great shape that will attract buyers. It should be noted high permeability, good stability. The maximum speed slightly exceeded the mark of 100 km/h such car was necessary for the Soviet survivors of the war. The main disadvantage of a machine is called its engine. Indeed, the model "M-20” has been quite reliable, but unstable in the work plan of the power unit. Even though he was very stylish, but, frankly, was rather weak for these kinds of cars.

The Most expensive Russian car in Soviet times

It Should be noted ZIS-110, which belongs to the class of Executive cars. Its production was started in the year of the end of world war II. And in 1958 it was replaced by another car of the same series. When the plant named Likhachev, its name has changed a bit – ZIL-110. For all the production released a little more than 2 million copies all assemblies.

The Soviet buyer always noted the elegance of the vehicle as well as the beauty of the body. Mounted engine had 8 cylinders and worked on 4 strokes. It has a capacity of 180 horsepower.

This car can be put in one line with “Victory”. The difference between them is only that “M-20» more suited to the middle class population because of the pricing policy, and described – graduate.

The Most safe Russian car

A New "UAZ Patriot" (or UAZ-3163) confidently occupies a leading place among the most reliable cars in Russia. The SUV has all the right options, features and characteristics that are required to drive on Russian roads. The vehicle has five doors, as well as an increased level of capacity in the Luggage compartment or in the passenger. “Patriot” great for driving in rural areas that already adds additional advantages when compared with other SUVs of domestic production. Series produced since 2005, the Ulyanovsk plant. In addition to the excellent technical characteristics, it has very impressive look and attracts serious people, they are made in minimalism.

Reliable Russian car

Every citizen of Russia will be celebrated in this category, the car VAZ production. Of course, we are talking about the car «Lada», which is better known under the name “penny”. It is not surprising, because after such a long time since its release, it still rides on Russian roads. Every third car in Russia - is «Lada». It is worth considering.

The Most beautiful car

“Seagull" one hundred percent the winner in this category among all domestic cars. It was produced at the Gorky factory. And went down in history as the machine on which I had been traveling officials. They were attracted by the beautiful and aesthetic appearance.

Best Russian car

«Lada Priora”, according to many motorists, the mostbest. It has to appeal to modern buyers who are not looking for overly new and fancy instances. This model has power steering, excellent suspension and air conditioning.

Fuel efficient car

As the economy car it is possible to note "CMOS". Products VAZ has always been distinguished affordable price, but this model turned out to be the cheapest. Moreover, it has impressive performance, both for the public sector.

«KAMAZ»: dumper

Not surprisingly, «KAMAZ» - one of the best producers in Russia, if we talk about trucks. They are used in virtually all sectors: agricultural, municipal, construction. In 2010 the series was re-equipped with new cabin, which had a higher convenience. Series «KAMAZ» (dump truck) impressive. Each of the models has its own distinctive features. Approximate price of one such marker machines is 170 thousand rubles. The car well drive around on normal roads, but can't deal with the off-road driving.

Fire ZIL

Fire trucks, of course, constantly needed. They must have stunning specifications. This is one of the types of machines in which the external data is completely unimportant. For a long time for the USSR produced cars for the fire stations of the plant Likhachev. Over time, they have been improved in all aspects. Fire ZIL became the best instance for the Soviet Union.