Eight-cylinder (V8) engine: specifications, features

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2019-12-22 19:00:20

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The Process of automotive development never stood still. Always changing items on more improved and advanced. The V8 engines of the class came into the world through other low-power, and has taken its place in the chain of the automotive industry.

v8 engine

At the moment these motors take pride of place in the model line offered by manufacturers and do not intend to leave this niche. The name of the V8 speaks for itself: this type of arrangement of cylinders in the block.

History of the formation of V-engines

The Emergence of V8 engines was preceded by the fact that they were inline motors, which were not high tractive power. The first V8 engine was designed and constructed in 1902 Levasseur designer who designed and developed the engines for ships and boats. But already in 1905 the world saw the first RollsRoyce engine, which was installed on a vehicle.

v8 engines ZMZ

Next, this technology was picked up by such well-known manufacturers like Oldsmobile, GM, Chevrolet and Cadillac. This technology has captivated the US and literally became an epoch. European producers have always tried to switch to more economical options that made the V8-engine niche.

BMW v8 engines

In the Soviet Union, since 50 years, modified and improved motors of this class have been used in trucks and later in passenger cars. Even now in Russia many representatives of domestic vehicles has a V8 configuration.

American V8

The Technology of V8 engines have received widespread popularity, which lasted a long time, since 1910 and at the beginning of the nineties. These motors have become ideal for installation on muscle cars and ordinary cars that are loved by the ordinary consumer.

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Of Course, not without modifications. GMC company in the mid-70 runs several lines of powerful V8 engines in several models which became classics of the American automotive industry. At the same time together with the legendary Ford Shelby produces two majestic creations – the GT350 and GT500. These models are at this day considered among the best in the world, according to motorists and experts.

diesel v8

Well known In the world of steel cars with a V8 engine: the Chevrolet Camaro SS, Chevrolet Impala 67, Dodge Charger, Dodge Challenger, Buick Riviera, Pontiac GTO, Plymouth Barracuda and Oldsmobile Toronado. All these models are rather well-known in the USA and in the CIS.

V8 originally from Germany

Outstanding representatives of the steel production engines "BMW V8" and "Audi V8". Every guy since the childhood heard that this is a classic sports car of German production, which fascinated and amazed by the power. Another distinctive feature was the sound of the V8 engine, which many will recognize today.

In times of gangster ' 90s in Russia, many members of the groups went on the machines of these brands. They had advantages over the others, due to its strong motor, which went from the chase. The engine "Audi V8" had a fairly large resource, approximately 700-800 thousand kilometers, so loved by many drivers who still use it.

Development of the domestic eight-cylinder engine

Of Course, in the Soviet Union all the technology came late. Almost all developed cars and engines were virtually copied from their foreign counterparts. Thus, the first GAS V8 engine installed on the 13-th model, which many know as the “Tea”.

The Particular popularity of this engine was due to two cars – GAZ-53 and ZIL-130. They were considered the most reliable and easy to service. The repair the engine was simple and uncomfortable. Of course, over the years, they lost their power and become commonplace, so that is no surprise.

The Modern domestic auto industry can only boast of a few motors. Engines ZMZ V8 mounted in the "Volga" and "gazelles", is among them. They showed high characteristics and was recognized as one of the best motors that were produced in the former Soviet Union.

engine Scania v8

Specifications and features V8

The V8 (engine) & ndash; internal-combustion motor, which, by and large, made up of two four-row, which was suspended on a single crankshaft. The rods, which were located opposite, put on a single crankpin of the crankshaft. In V8 configuration (motor) unbalanced part of the inertia of the pistons and upper connecting rod in the mounting of a finger. This is accompanied by a vibration which is audible in the cabin.

To balance this force requires two shafts which will rotate 2 times faster than the crankshaft and at the same time in different directions. The technology used for the Ferrari or other high speed internal combustion engines.

In the modern world it is used several angles of arrangement of the cylinders relative to each other: 60, 90 and 180 degrees. Of course, the most common is the first. For more fast cars and muscle cars is 90-degree. And only manufacturer of "Subaru" distinguished: on the sports cars engine model V8 is the angle of rotation of the cylinder 180 degrees.

 model of the v8 engine

Truck V8 as an essential condition of power

At the beginning of the Second world war, when there was a dramatic need to increase the capacity of trucks and improving their practicability, it was decided to set the engine class V8. It is allowed to carry more ammunition and also drive around the areas where we lacked traction.

engine gas v8

In the 60-ies of all American trucks were equipped with such engines. In Europe particularly popular deserve engine Scania V8, which according to its technical could pull up to 40 tons of cargo, and ease of maintenance and reliability has earned him the love of truckers.

Of Course, today the V8 is installed on cars with capacity up to 10 t, since at higher there is no sense from an economic point of view. So, on modern roads you can meet the following representatives of the auto industry with the established V8-engine: GAZ, MAZ, KAMAZ, MAN, DAF, Foton, FAW and others. The most popular configuration for the truck is a V8 engine of 4.2 liters.

Maintenance V-shaped "eights"

The Engine of any car must be regularly maintained to normal and long term function. As part of this process? Take a closer look:

  1. Oil change and filter elements.
  2. Flushing the fuel system and repair the injection pump.
  3. Replacement of spark plugs and incandescence.
  4. Adjusting the valves.
  5. Gasket Replacement valve cover and pan.
  6. Adjusting the ignition.
  7. In-line replace parts that have failed.

Maintenance of the V8 engine for each car has its own deadlines, but they should not delay, as failure to replace or repair can lead to different consequences, including the complete replacement of piston or motor Assembly.

General concept of the engine with 8 cylinders

Each motor has it's own resource usage, and when it is exhausted, it is necessary to repair it. Repair of these engines is done at special stations, as only they have the equipment that will allow it to do. The tool can be everyone, but special equipment – not.

There are several types of repair V8: production, planning and capital. The first two always planned, because it should be clear that parts inside the power unit fail, but the latter may descend unexpectedly.

Repair of head block

One of the types of repair operations, which is mainly depreciation of power unit – the cylinder block. Consider the basic operation and spare parts for example engine ZMZ V8:

  1. Of Course, the first item becomes the disassembly of the entire cylinder head. To do this, disconnect everything that is adjacent to it. More detailed instructions can be found for each model the manufacturer separately.
  2. Disassembly of the cylinder head.
  3. Inspecting and measuring parts that have been removed. Determine suitability for further use.
  4. Cutter, polishing, grinding and preparation for the Assembly.
  5. Direct the build process.
  6. Installation on vehicle and connection.

It is Worth remembering that these operations should be carried out in the service station, because many of them cannot be done at home. Engines ZMZ V8 is fairly simple to repair, compared to a cargo in which there are many nuances.

A list of the main parts that fail in the cylinder head:

  1. Intake and exhaust valves.
  2. Seat and the valve seals.
  3. Camshafts in some cases.
  4. Cam Followers.

Almost never break valve springs and cylinder head housing.

Repair cylinder block

Repair the power unit is one of the most difficult in the whole car. The greatest number of nodes, without which the operation of the vehicle impossible. So, consider the overall technological process of repair of this part:

  1. Time-Consuming and most secure is the dismantling of the cylinder block. Should disconnect all nodes associated with it, and to disassemble a part of the auxiliary. Depending on the type of V8 car process can be 8-16 hours.
  2. Disassembly of the power unit is held on a special stand, which allows you to wrap it around its axis 360 degrees.
  3. Diagnosis of the disassembled parts. Inspection and measurements. Basically, measure the thickness of the crankshaft journals and the size of the piston channel.
  4. Selection of spare parts is done by a specialist in the store or the spare parts management on the basis of primary data of the motor, as well as measurements.
  5. The Next stage of repair is grinding the crankshaft on a special machine. The cylinder block thus rastaquouere with honorowego of the machine.
  6. The Washing of parts is done after each transaction. Prior to Assembly, all parts are thoroughly cleaned of chips, dirt and other foreign particles.
  7. The build Process may take from 16 to 48 hours, depending on the version of the engine.
  8. At the end of all the manipulations carried out the test, first on a special stand, and then by car.

Major spare parts used in the repair of cylinder block:

  1. Parsecomplete or gilthoniel. Can be bought together or items separately.
  2. Inserts indigenous and connecting rod.
  3. The Rubber gaskets.
  4. Oil Pump.
  5. Sealsto/shaft.
  6. Gears.

It is Worth noting that the repair of the power unit type V8 - very expensive. In some cases, even very. Many experts in engine repair recommended time to maintain the car as it is much cheaper than major repairs.

Tuning "eight"

By and large, special tuning on these motors, nobody has come up with. Of course, in the 70-80-ies on the muscle cars, tried to change something, to add power, but it was impossible. Modern engineers made one revision – the installation of a turbocharger, which has gained traction characteristics.

As the developer confessed Dodge Challenger: “why improve something that's perfect?”. No manufacturer, especially the old American “animals”, does not believe that you need to tune the engines of their manufacture as all that is possible is already installed and customized under maximum power.

Diesel engines of V8 configuration

Diesel V8 engines replaced gas-guzzling petrol. Outstanding representatives in the CIS is the YAMZ-238. Over the years it has proven its reliability. Set mainly on the MAZ trucks and some agricultural equipment. Fairly simple repair, and the abundance of spare parts allows you to select the best option to purchase.

Audi engine v8

Diesel V8 engine has more power, unlike gasoline, so most car manufacturers have switched to its use. Also, the biggest advantage is lower fuel consumption, and resource use increased by 40%.

The most Important achievement in the development of engines of this type is the invention of electronic fuel distribution with shutdown cylinders. It was first applied to "Dodge Challenger". Now many famous brands use the "eight" of such technology.


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Alin Trodden - author of the article, editor
"Hi, I'm Alin Trodden. I write texts, read books, and look for impressions. And I'm not bad at telling you about it. I am always happy to participate in interesting projects."

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