Bus "Ikarus-293": technical specification and photos

The Hungarian Ikarus manufacturer in Europe known for producing good quality buses. But one of them deserves special attention. We are talking about a vehicle called «Ikarus-293”, the production of which ended almost 20 years ago.

In Brief about the model

This vehicle is a large size three-section bus that is a rarity today. And earlier, in the years of production, this car could be found only in Hungary and in the GDR.

Visually, the bus resembles a trolley. It looks impressive, which is not surprising. Its total mass is equal to 33 450 kg, and the curb is 15 650 kg. At length he reached of 22.68 m, its width is 2.5 meters and the height is 3 m (roof). It is not surprising that this «Ikarus» - a bus belonging to the class is particularly large. And it can accommodate 229 people (five per square metre).

Despite its practical possibilities, the bus was not popular. A short time these models were operated in Budapest and in pécs. Then, after restyling, the bus was sold to Tehran, and he was allowed on the route. There «Ikarus-293” carried passengers up to the year 2005.

Design

«Ikarus-293” refers to the category of articulated buses. It consists of three rigid sections, which are pivotally connected with each other. Each of them placed the passenger compartment. All three have enough space for free movement of people and a conductor. We can reconnect three sections is possible, but it is carried out only by qualified specialists. And only in a production environment.

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It is Also worth noting that the body of each section was integral and had a wagon. Self-frame was absent. There was only the rigid structure, formed metal parts, connected by welding. However, the body of most of the old buses was created on this principle.

Features

It should tell you a Little about the technical basis underlying the model «Ikarus-293”. Three-section bus has two nodes of articulation. The first was equipped with protivostoyanie mechanism. The same was and in rear-wheel drive bus Ikarus 284. The second site was the traditional one.

Initially, the model was rather weak engine. «Ikarus» completed 6-cylinder diesel engine, production of which was engaged in the Hungarian holding “Slave”. Unit producing 250 “horse”, was paired with automatic transmission. But the power of this engine was clearly not enough for such a heavy vehicle. Needed another unit, otherwise, the bus could not accelerate to the standard speed. But it is not immediately received «Ikarus».

The Bus was equipped with a new engine only after 4 years. It was a unit produced by the German engineering company MAN. It produces 280 HP Thirty “horse” turned out to be decisive. Thanks to the new motor vehicle had the opportunity to reach the speed of 70 km/h.

Other features

It is Worth noting that a more powerful engine wasn't the only update that has received the «Ikarus-293”. After this kind of restyling the bus gained a new axle and a different body color. Plus, the engineers decided differently positioning the second of five 2-sash doors. Was she removed one section forward. Even the interior is a bit refreshed. Although the driver's cabin of the bus did nothing in terms of clearance did not differ from the workplace in other models.

All these works were directed not only to the fact that the bus was visually more attractive. The developers hoped to make it even more practical and functional.

Operation

Of Course, «Ikarus-293” model is not really known. However, the project promised to be successful. The prototype on the development of which engineers worked more than one year, has passed all mandatory tests and even visited the exhibitions. But he had one significant drawback: all drivers, without exception, complained of terrible handling. Because, in fact, the project and freeze until 1992.

Also worth mentioning that the «Ikarus-293” model with spring suspension, the main drawback of which is its fragility. Plus, it constantly squeaks. This suspension is still hard. About any soft course could not go and speeches. This is not only reflected in the management, but also affect a potential passenger comfort. Very few people would love to go, clinging to her arm. But the main disadvantage is the rapid subsidence of the suspension. Its service life would be reduced to a minimum, considering how many people planned to carry on a daily basis.

Build

It is Important to mention that this particular bus was assembled on a modular scheme. That is why Ikarus 293 existed in several versions. By the way, theoretically this model can move in both directions. Some agility she will get, if the traction installation to place in the middle section. However, since work on the original Ikarus 293 never went beyond the limits ofexperiment, to see such opportunities in reality will not work.

It is believed that all the shortcomings that have this model, got it from the predecessor. They were the bus-280. Many believe that careful with them, the engineers decided not to do, but just added the middle section. As a result, the shortcomings of “base” and has remained a supporter.

Cuban version

It is also Worth noting that this model was the basis for the creation of a licensed copy of the bus, which became known as Giron. These vehicles have found their use in Cuba. However, this version had several features that differentiate it from bus «Ikarus-293”, a photo that provided above. The Cuban model of traditional nodes of articulation and the axis of the middle section, which is made shorter than the original, equipped with single tires. Still it was decided to change the number of Windows and install doors of the platen type. Interestingly, the old buses the Cubans by all means support on the go. Even today they can be found on the roads of the Island of Freedom, and in a decent condition.

Project Idea

Now, many motorists call this bus is legendary. The question arises: why? After all, this vehicle has not gained much popularity. Well, all is well, however, to deny the unusual appearance and a custom design is not necessary. The bus attracted attention. However, that was the main idea of the developers. The fact that all the buses that carried the carriage to the end of the 80s, are outdated both in technical terms and in moral. Original and unusual bus was very handy. No wonder its appearance is emphasized by the bright color.

However, maybe the project and would be successful. But in the early 90-ies, at a time when the model tried to rework and improve the collapsed socialist system. And with it sank into Oblivion and the well-being of the entire group. The production and sales of vehicles declined significantly.

The Developers and company representatives were at pains to develop models that would demand, and began diligently to seek new markets for the buses. But things have not improved, and eventually the group became part of the JSC IKARUSBUS. The last bus was released in February 2004. New top management decided to produce only compact cars on special orders. So, along with the production was buried and the idea to modify the Ikarus 293, which could be practical, functional and successful.